ArticleSociology of health & illness2010
Perceived discrimination, psychological distress and health.
Article in Sociology of health & illness, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 78 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Boston Puerto Rican Health Study: Center for Population Health and Health Disparities
RiSE to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease in African Americans
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Links between discrimination and cardiovascular health among socially stigmatized groups: A systematic review.PloS one · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Perceived racial discrimination and hypertension: a comprehensive systematic review.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2014Pooled it
- Substance use and sexual behavior among recent Hispanic immigrant adolescents: effects of parent-adolescent differential acculturation and communication.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2012Trial
- Maladaptive coping strategies mediate the relationship between perceived differential treatment and sleep health among women.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Perceived Discrimination and Mental Health Among First-Generation East Asian Immigrants: A Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Review
- The role of stress, perceived discrimination, and skin tone on cognitive performance in Puerto Rican adults.Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology · 2026Article
- Discrimination exposure and lymphocyte differentiation: Results from the health and retirement study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Perceived discrimination and academic procrastination among college students with physical disabilities: the mediating role of feelings of shame and self-handicapping.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Managing complexities of inflammatory rheumatic diseases as a migrant-a qualitative exploration of health literacy experiences.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The process of racial discrimination: towards a unified theory.Frontiers in sociology · 2026Review
- Epigenome-wide association study of perceived discrimination in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).Epigenetics · 2025Article
- Article
- Gender discrimination in the emergency services: Female paramedic experiences in South Africa.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2025Article
- The relationship between racial discrimination in healthcare, loneliness, and mental health among Black Philadelphia residents.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Sex differences in perceived discrimination among patients with obesity.Clinical obesity · 2025Article
- Social connectedness and surviving at the margins: Findings from interviews with low-income Latino men in the U.S. Northeast.Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology · 2025Article
- Parental support in adolescence: A potential moderator of the relationship between racial discrimination and adult suicidality.Public health · 2024Article
- Everyday Discrimination and Trajectories of Transdiagnostic Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety among Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Stigma and health · 2024Article
- Evaluating the role of smoking abstinence expectancies in the relation between perceived ethnic discrimination and cigarette dependence among Latinx individuals who smoke.Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Racism and discrimination can have significant implications for health, through complex biopsychosocial interactions. Latino groups, and particularly Puerto Ricans, are an understudied population in the United States in terms of the prevalence of discrimination and its relevance to health. Participants in our study were 45- to 75-year-old (N = 1122) Puerto Ricans. The measures were perceived discrimination, depressive symptomatology (CES-D), perceived stress (PSS), self-rated health, medical conditions, blood pressure, smoking and drinking behaviours, demographics. Our findings show that 36.9 per cent of participants had at some time experienced discrimination, with men, those with more years of education, currently employed and with higher incomes being more likely to report it. Experiences of discrimination were associated with increased levels of depressive symptoms and perceived stress. When controlling for covariates, perceived discrimination was predictive of the number of medical conditions, of ever having smoked and having been a drinker, and having higher values of diastolic pressure. Depressive symptoms are a mediator of the effect of perceived discrimination on medical conditions, confirmed by the Sobel test: z = 3.57, p < 0.001. Mediating roles of perceived stress, smoking and drinking behaviours were not confirmed. Increased depressive symptoms might be the main pathway through which perceived discrimination is associated with a greater number of medical diagnoses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.