ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2010
Alterations in the immuno-skeletal interface drive bone destruction in HIV-1 transgenic rats.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01228318 (Bone Loss and Immune Reconstitution in HIV/AIDS), which is not on this map. Cited by 89 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Bone Loss and Immune Reconstitution in HIV/AIDS (BLIR-HIV)
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 146 citations in OpenAlex.
- People with HIV infection had lower bone mineral density and increased fracture risk: a meta-analysis.Archives of osteoporosis · 2021Pooled it
- Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of bone fragility in people living with HIV: a position statement from the Swiss Association against Osteoporosis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2019Guideline
- Administration of zoledronic acid alleviates osteoporosis in HIV patients by suppressing osteoclastogenesis via regulating RANKL expression.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2021Trial
- Brief Report: Changes in Plasma RANKL-Osteoprotegerin in a Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial of Initial Antiviral Therapy: A5260s.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Trial
- Vitamin D and Calcium Attenuate Bone Loss With Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation: A Randomized Trial.Annals of internal medicine · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Body composition, soluble markers of inflammation, and bone mineral density in antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-1-infected individuals.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2013Trial
- Mitigation of serotonin-caused suppression of osteoblast function by extracts of the psychoactive indigenous plant Sceletium tortuosum.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Article
- Bone health across the lifespan in African populations affected by HIV.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2026Article
- Sex-specific bone architectural deficits among older adults living with HIV: a cross-sectional study from Zimbabwe.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2026Article
- IL-4 Correlates With Bone Mineral Density in Men, and IL-4 Depletion May Drive Bone Loss in Men With HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Combined Sequential Antiretroviral Therapy-Induced Immune Reconstitution Bone Loss and Estrogen Deficiency Bone Loss Are Cumulative in Mice Models.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Osteoimmunology: Crosstalk Between T Cells and Osteoclasts in Osteoporosis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Systemic biological mechanisms underpin poor post-discharge growth among severely wasted children with HIV.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Bone Loss and Fractures in Post-Menopausal Women Living with HIV: A Narrative Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Bone Disease in HIV: Need for Early Diagnosis and Prevention.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Bone Health in People Living with HIV/AIDS: An Update of Where We Are and Potential Future Strategies.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Review
- Subtrochanteric Pathological Femur Fracture in an HIV-Positive Patient on Tenofovir-based antiretroviral therapy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2023Article
- Massively HIV-1-infected macrophages exhibit a severely hampered ability to differentiate into osteoclasts.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Osteoporosis and bone fractures are increasingly recognized complications of HIV-1 infection. Although antiretroviral therapy itself has complex effects on bone turnover, it is now evident that the majority of HIV-infected individuals already exhibit reduced bone mineral density before therapy. The mechanisms responsible are likely multifactorial and have been difficult to delineate in humans. The HIV-1 transgenic rat recapitulates many key features of human AIDS. We now demonstrate that, like their human counterparts, HIV-1 transgenic rats undergo severe osteoclastic bone resorption, a consequence of an imbalance in the ratio of receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand, the key osteoclastogenic cytokine, to that of its physiological decoy receptor osteoprotegerin. This imbalance stemmed from a switch in production of osteoprotegerin to that of receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand by B cells, and was further compounded by a significantly elevated number of osteoclast precursors. With the advancing age of individuals living with HIV/AIDS, low bone mineral density associated with HIV infection is likely to collide with the pathophysiology of skeletal aging, leading to increased fracture risk. Understanding the mechanisms driving bone loss in HIV-infected individuals will be critical to developing effective therapeutic strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.