ArticleInfection and immunity2010
Mucosal administration of flagellin protects mice from Streptococcus pneumoniae lung infection.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
- BCG immunisation through intranasal instillation protects mice against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection by enhancing alveolar macrophage activity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Pathogens as commensals: microbial priming of the immune system and heterologous protection.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Review
- Article
- Flagellins as Vaccine Adjuvants and Cancer Immunotherapy: Recent Advances and Future Prospects.Immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- Role of Trained Immunity in Heath and Disease.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- Considering local immunity for innovative immunomodulatory approaches: pulmonary sepsis as a use case.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Targeted delivery of flagellin by nebulization offers optimized respiratory immunity and defense against pneumococcal pneumonia.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Innate immune memory in chronic HIV and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND): potential mechanisms and clinical implications.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Review
- Triggering Toll-Like Receptor 5 Signaling During Pneumococcal Superinfection Prevents the Selection of Antibiotic Resistance.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics reveals subset-specific metabolic profiles underpinning the bronchial epithelial response to flagellin.iScience · 2024Article
- Preventive nasal administration of flagellin restores antimicrobial effect of gentamicin and protects against a multidrug-resistant strain ofAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Endotoxin tolerance and trained immunity: breaking down immunological memory barriers.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Topical adjunctive treatment with flagellin augments pulmonary neutrophil responses and reduces bacterial dissemination in multidrug-resistantFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Role of toll-like receptors and nod-like receptors in acute lung infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The mechanisms and cross-protection of trained innate immunity.Virology journal · 2022Review
- Flagellin Improves the Immune Response of an Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) Subunit Vaccine.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Transcriptome features of innate immune memory in Drosophila.PLoS genetics · 2022Article
- Genetic dissection of innate immune memory inFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Review
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of pneumonia in infants and the elderly. Innate defenses are essential to the control of pneumococcal infections, and deficient responses can trigger disease in susceptible individuals. Here we showed that flagellin can locally activate innate immunity and thereby increase the resistance to acute pneumonia. Flagellin mucosal treatment improved S. pneumoniae clearance in the lungs and promoted increased survival of infection. In addition, lung architecture was fully restored after the treatment of infected mice, indicating that flagellin allows the reestablishment of steady-state conditions. Using a flagellin mutant that is unable to signal through Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), we established that TLR5 signaling is essential for protection. In the respiratory tract, flagellin induced neutrophil infiltration into airways and upregulated the expression of genes coding for interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), CXCL1, CXCL2, and CCL20. Using depleting antibodies, we demonstrated that neutrophils are major effectors of protection. Further, we found that B- and T-cell-deficient SCID mice clear S. pneumoniae challenge to the same extent as immunocompetent animals, suggesting that these cell populations are not required for flagellin-induced protection. In conclusion, this study emphasizes that mucosal stimulation of innate immunity by a TLR not naturally engaged by S. pneumoniae can increase the potential to cure pneumococcal pneumonia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.