Trial reportClinical science (London, England : 1979)2011
Sex-specific effects of habitual aerobic exercise on brachial artery flow-mediated dilation in middle-aged and older adults.
Trial report in Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 201 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative effectiveness of various exercise modalities on arterial stiffness and endothelial function in older adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Comparing Aerobic Interval Training with Other Forms of Physical Exercise for Brachial Artery Endothelial Function Improvement: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
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- Effect of continuous aerobic exercise on endothelial function: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Different Intensities and Durations of Aerobic Exercise on Vascular Endothelial Function in Middle-Aged and Elderly People: A Meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Pooled it
- Long-Term Aerobic Exercise Improves Vascular Function Into Old Age: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta Regression of Observational and Interventional Studies.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Pooled it
- Exercise modalities and endothelial function: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2015Pooled it
- Impact of resistance and endurance exercise training on femoral artery function: sex differences in humans.The Journal of physiology · 2025Trial
- Preworkout dietary nitrate magnifies training-induced benefits to physical function in late postmenopausal women: a randomized pilot study.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2024Trial
- The acute effects of exercise intensity and inorganic nitrate supplementation on vascular health in females after menopause.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Trial
- Chronic mitochondria antioxidant treatment in older adults alters the circulating milieu to improve endothelial cell function and mitochondrial oxidative stress.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2023Trial
- Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cerebrovascular reactivity to a breath-hold stimulus in older adults: influence of aerobic exercise training.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2022Trial
- Time-Efficient Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training Lowers Blood Pressure and Improves Endothelial Function, NO Bioavailability, and Oxidative Stress in Midlife/Older Adults With Above-Normal Blood Pressure.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Trial
- Endothelial function following interval exercise plus low-calorie diet treatment in obese females.Physiological reports · 2019Trial
- Chronic Supplementation With a Mitochondrial Antioxidant (MitoQ) Improves Vascular Function in Healthy Older Adults.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2018Trial
- Cardiac Adaptations to High-Intensity Aerobic Training in Premenopausal and Recent Postmenopausal Women: The Copenhagen Women Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2017Trial
- All-Extremity Exercise Training Improves Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2017Trial
- Leg vascular and skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic high-intensity exercise training are enhanced in the early postmenopausal phase.The Journal of physiology · 2017Trial
- Trial
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Brachial artery FMD (flow-mediated dilation) is impaired with aging and is associated with an increased risk of CVD (cardiovascular disease). In the present study, we determined whether regular aerobic exercise improves brachial artery FMD in MA/O (middle-aged/older) men and post-menopausal women. In sedentary MA/O adults (age, 55-79 years) without CVD, 8 weeks of brisk walking (6 days/week for approx. 50 min/day; randomized controlled design) increased treadmill time approx. 20% in both MA/O men (n=11) and post-menopausal women (n=15) (P<0.01), without altering body composition or circulating CVD risk factors. Brachial artery FMD increased >50% in the MA/O men (from 4.6±0.6 to 7.1±0.6%; P<0.01), but did not change in the post-menopausal women (5.1±0.8 compared with 5.4±0.7%; P=0.50). No changes occurred in the non-exercising controls. In a separate cross-sectional study (n=167), brachial artery FMD was approx. 50% greater in endurance-exercise-trained (6.4±0.4%; n=45) compared with sedentary (4.3±0.3%; n=60) MA/O men (P<0.001), whereas there were no differences between endurance-trained (5.3±0.7%, n=20) and sedentary (5.6±0.5%, n=42) post-menopausal women (P=0.70). Brachial artery lumen diameter, peak hyperaemic shear rate and endothelium-independent dilation did not differ with exercise intervention or in the endurance exercise compared with sedentary groups. In conclusion, regular aerobic exercise is consistently associated with enhanced brachial artery FMD in MA/O men, but not in post-menopausal women. Some post-menopausal women without CVD may be less responsive to habitual aerobic exercise than MA/O men.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.