ArticleCytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology2010
Correlation analysis of intracellular and secreted cytokines via the generalized integrated mean fluorescence intensity.
Article in Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Mucosal immunization with lipopeptides derived from conserved regions of SARS-CoV-2 antigens induce robust cellular and cross-variant humoral immune responses in mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Icariin ameliorates oxidative stress-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and heart failure in isoproterenol-challenged Wistar rats.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2023Article
- TOLLIP Optimizes Dendritic Cell Maturation to Lipopolysaccharide andJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Development of novel reagents to chicken FLT3, XCR1 and CSF2R for the identification and characterization of avian conventional dendritic cells.Immunology · 2022Article
- Successive Site Translocating Inoculation Improved T Cell Responses Elicited by a DNA Vaccine Encoding SARS-CoV-2 S Protein.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Extracellular Vesicles as Biological Indicators and Potential Sources of Autologous Therapeutics in Osteoarthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- TNF-α Carried by Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Predicts Knee Osteoarthritis Progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- In-Depth Profiling of T-Cell Responsiveness to Commonly Recognized CMV Antigens in Older People Reveals Important Sex Differences.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The immune response in humans is usually assessed using immunogenicity assays to provide biomarkers as correlates of protection (CoP). Flow cytometry is the assay of choice to measure intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) of cell-mediated immune (CMI) biomarkers. For CMI analysis, the integrated mean fluorescence intensity (iMFI) was introduced as a metric to represent the total functional CMI response as a CoP. iMFI is computed by multiplying the relative frequency (percent positive) of cells expressing a particular cytokine with the MFI of that population, and correlates better with protection in challenge models than either the percentage or the MFI of the cytokine-positive population. While determination of the iMFI as a CoP can readily be accomplished in animal models that allow challenge/protection experiments, this is not feasible in humans for ethical reasons. As a first step toward extending the iMFI concept to humans, we investigated the correlation of the iMFI derived from a human innate immune response ICS assay with functional cytokine release into the culture supernatant, as innate cytokines need to be released to have a functional impact. Next, we developed a quantitatively more correlative mathematical approach for calculating the functional response of cytokine-producing cells by incorporating the assignment of different weights to the magnitude (frequency of cytokine-positive cells) and the quality (the MFI) of the observed innate immune response. We refer to this model as generalized iMFI.
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