ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2010
Angiotensin II sustains brain inflammation in mice via TGF-beta.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 124 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
124 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 198 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematically exploring repurposing effects of antihypertensives.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2022Pooled it
- Do statins, ACE inhibitors or sartans improve outcome in primary glioblastoma?Journal of neuro-oncology · 2018Trial
- Molecular mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets of diabetic kidney disease.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Microglial activation and RAS signaling: a dual-edged sword in neuroinflammation.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2026Review
- Regulatory network analysis of Dclk1 gene expression reveals a tuft cell-ILC2 axis that inhibits pancreatic tumor progression.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Machine learning-based prediction of disease progression in primary progressive multiple sclerosis.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Regulatory network analysis ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Prospective Variation of Cytokine Trends during COVID-19: A Progressive Approach from Disease Onset until Outcome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Lipid metabolism is dysregulated in endocrine glands upon autoimmune demyelination.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Cognition: a Scoping Review.Current hypertension reports · 2024Article
- Progress in the Study of the Role and Mechanism of HTRA1 in Diseases Related to Vascular Abnormalities.International journal of general medicine · 2024Review
- Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Targeted Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Neuroprotective effect of angiotensin II receptor blockers on the risk of incident Alzheimer's disease: A nationwide population-based cohort study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- The role of microRNAs involved in the disorder of blood-brain barrier in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Impact of the Renin-Angiotensin System on the Pathogeny and Pharmacotherapeutics of Neurodegenerative Diseases.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- The Angiotensin ATPharmacological reviews · 2022Review
- Innate immune suppression by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations: The role of G-quadruplexes, exosomes, and MicroRNAs.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2022Article
- TGF-β as a Key Modulator of Astrocyte Reactivity: Disease Relevance and Therapeutic Implications.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- AT1 Receptors: Their Actions from Hypertension to Cognitive Impairment.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2022Review
64 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a key hormonal system regulating blood pressure. However, expression of RAAS components has recently been detected in immune cells, and the RAAS has been implicated in several mouse models of autoimmune disease. Here, we have identified Ang II as a paracrine mediator, sustaining inflammation in the CNS in the EAE mouse model of MS via TGF-beta. Ang II type 1 receptors (AT1Rs) were found to be primarily expressed in CNS-resident cells during EAE. In vitro, astrocytes and microglia responded to Ang II treatment by inducing TGF-beta expression via a pathway involving the TGF-beta-activating protease thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). TGF-beta upregulation in astrocytes and microglia during EAE was blocked with candesartan (CA), an inhibitor of AT1R. Treatment of EAE with CA ameliorated paralysis and blunted lymphocyte infiltration into the CNS, outcomes that were also seen with genetic ablation of AT1Ra and treatment with an inhibitor of TSP-1. These data suggest that AT1R antagonists, frequently prescribed as antihypertensives, may be useful to interrupt this proinflammatory, CNS-specific pathway in individuals with MS.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.