ArticleJournal of viral hepatitis2011
Early IL-10 predominant responses are associated with progression to chronic hepatitis C virus infection in injecting drug users.
Article in Journal of viral hepatitis, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic and immunological roles of leptin gene rs7799039 polymorphism and cytokines in COVID-19, HCV, and dual infection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- IL-10's contextual role in cytotoxic antitumor immunity: evidence, controversies, and therapeutic translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- IFNγ is a central node of cancer immune equilibrium.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Role of Inflammatory/Immune Response and Cytokine Polymorphisms in the Severity of Chronic Hepatitis C (CHC) before and after Direct Acting Antiviral (DAAs) Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Interleukin-10 contributes to reservoir establishment and persistence in SIV-infected macaques treated with antiretroviral therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Article
- Antiviral Activities of Interleukin-27: A Partner for Interferons?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Association Between Serum IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-23 Levels and Severity of Liver Cirrhosis.Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) · 2021Observational
- Review
- HLA-G Expressing Immune Cells in Immune Mediated Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- A gene variation of Interferon Gamma Receptor-I promoter (rs1327474A>G) and chronic hepatitis C virus infection.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2019Article
- Molecular Mechanisms Involved in HCC Recurrence after Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Mononuclear phagocyte system in hepatitis C virus infection.World journal of gastroenterology · 2018Review
- Cytokine-Modulated Natural Killer Cells Differentially Regulate the Activity of the Hepatitis C Virus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Increased killer B cells in chronic HCV infection may lead to autoimmunity and increased viral load.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2018Article
- Role of Human Macrophage Polarization in Inflammation during Infectious Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Interleukin-10 Directly Inhibits CD8Immunity · 2018Article
- The immune battlefield: The impact of inflammatory cytokines on CD8+ T-cell immunity.PLoS pathogens · 2017Review
- IL-10: A Multifunctional Cytokine in Viral Infections.Journal of immunology research · 2017Review
- Alanine aminotransferase, HCV RNA levels and pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrogenic cytokines/chemokines during acute hepatitis C virus infection.Virology journal · 2016Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The critical events in clearance or persistence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are unknown but likely to be determined early in acute infection. Type 1 and type 2 cytokine production was assessed by HCV peptide ELISpot and multiplex in vitro cytokine production assays in longitudinally collected samples from 20 untreated participants enrolled in the Australian Trial in Acute Hepatitis C (ATAHC); a prospective cohort of acute HCV infection (77% injecting drug users, IDU). Significantly higher interleukin-10 (IL-10) production (P = 0.048), in the relative absence of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-2 production, was present early in HCV infection in those who progressed to chronic infection. In contrast, viral clearance was associated with a greater magnitude and broader specificity of IFN-γ (magnitude P < 0.001, breadth P = 0.004) and IL-2 responses, in the relative absence of IL-10. Early IL-10 production was correlated with higher HCV RNA level at baseline (P = 0.046) and week 12 (P = 0.018), while IFN-γ and IL-2 production was inversely correlated with HCV RNA level at baseline (IFN-γ P = 0.020, IL-2 P = 0.050) and week 48 (IFN-γ P = 0.045, IL-2 P = 0.026). Intracellular staining (ICS) indicated the HCV-specific IFN-γ response was primarily from CD8(+) T cells and NK cells, whereas IL-10 production was predominantly from monocytes, with a subset of IL-10 producing CD8(+) T cells present only in those who progressed to chronic infection. IL-10, an immunoregulatory cytokine, appears to play a key role in progression to chronic HCV infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.