ArticleTissue engineering. Part C, Methods2010
Hierarchically designed agarose and poly(ethylene glycol) interpenetrating network hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering.
Article in Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bacterial ghosts embedded in natural hydrogels as drug delivery vehicles for cancer treatment.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Characterization of Hydrogel Deformation Using Two-Parameter Hyperelastic Models.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- REVIEW ARTICLE Engineering bio-inks for 3D bioprinting cell mechanical microenvironment.International journal of bioprinting · 2023Article
- Three-Dimensional Printing of Double-Network Hydrogels: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Future Outlook.3D printing and additive manufacturing · 2022Review
- Application of Nano-Inspired Scaffolds-Based Biopolymer Hydrogel for Bone and Periodontal Tissue Regeneration.Polymers · 2022Review
- Injectable three-dimensional tumor microenvironments to study mechanobiology in ovarian cancer.Acta biomaterialia · 2022Article
- Addition of collagen type I in agarose created a dose-dependent effect on matrix production in engineered cartilage.Regenerative biomaterials · 2022Article
- An In Vitro System to Study the Effect of Subchondral Bone Health on Articular Cartilage Repair in Humans.Cells · 2021Article
- Biomimetic bone-like composites as osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis skirt substitutes.Journal of biomaterials applications · 2021Article
- Mixed Composition Microribbon Hydrogels Induce Rapid and Synergistic Cartilage Regeneration by Mesenchymal Stem Cells in 3DACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2020Article
- Agarose-Based Biomaterials: Opportunities and Challenges in Cartilage Tissue Engineering.Polymers · 2020Review
- A Cellularized Biphasic Implant Based on a Bioactive Silk Fibroin Promotes Integration and Tissue Organization during Osteochondral Defect Repair in a Porcine Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Non-Cytotoxic Agarose/Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds for Drug Release.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Biomaterials to Mimic and Heal Connective Tissues.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2019Review
- Current Trends in Fabrication of Biomaterials for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration: Materials Modifications and Biophysical Stimulations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Silk fibroin hydrogels from the Colombian silkworm Bombyx mori L: Evaluation of physicochemical properties.PloS one · 2019Article
- Composite Cellularized Structures Created from an Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel Reinforced by a 3D Woven Scaffold.Macromolecular bioscience · 2018Article
- Recent Developments in Tough Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- Low Magnitude of Compression Enhances Biosynthesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells towards Nucleus Pulposus Cells via the TRPV4-Dependent Pathway.Stem cells international · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A new method for encapsulating cells in interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogels of superior mechanical integrity was developed. In this study, two biocompatible materials-agarose and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) diacrylate-were combined to create a new IPN hydrogel with greatly enhanced mechanical performance. Unconfined compression of hydrogel samples revealed that the IPN displayed a fourfold increase in shear modulus relative to a pure PEG-diacrylate network (39.9 vs. 9.9 kPa) and a 4.9-fold increase relative to a pure agarose network (8.2 kPa). PEG and IPN compressive failure strains were found to be 71% ± 17% and 74% ± 17%, respectively, while pure agarose gels failed around 15% strain. Similar mechanical property improvements were seen when IPNs-encapsulated chondrocytes, and LIVE/DEAD cell viability assays demonstrated that cells survived the IPN encapsulation process. The majority of IPN-encapsulated chondrocytes remained viable 1 week postencapsulation, and chondrocytes exhibited glycosaminoglycan synthesis comparable to that of agarose-encapsulated chondrocytes at 3 weeks postencapsulation. The introduction of a new method for encapsulating cells in a hydrogel with enhanced mechanical performance is a promising step toward cartilage defect repair. This method can be applied to fabricate a broad variety of cell-based IPNs by varying monomers and polymers in type and concentration and by adding functional groups such as degradable sequences or cell adhesion groups. Further, this technology may be applicable in other cell-based applications where mechanical integrity of cell-containing hydrogels is of great importance.
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