ArticlePublic health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)
Associations of sex ratios and male incarceration rates with multiple opposite-sex partners: potential social determinants of HIV/STI transmission.
Article in Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reducing HIV Risk Behaviors Among Black Women Living With and Without HIV/AIDS in the U.S.: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- HIV, Sexually Transmitted Infection, and Substance Use Continuum of Care Interventions Among Criminal Justice-Involved Black Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Systematic Review.American journal of public health · 2018Pooled it
- Pooled it
- HIV infection and risk of overdose: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AIDS (London, England) · 2012Pooled it
- Inequity in US Racial/Ethnic Infant Health and Birth Outcomes: The Role of the Adult Sex Ratio as a Potential Indicator of Structural Anti-Black Racism.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- The Impact of Sex Ratio Perceptions on Condom Use Attitudes and Behaviors among Black Women in the United States.International journal of sexual health : official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health · 2022Article
- Social Determination of HIV: Women's Relationship Work in the Context of Mass Incarceration and Housing Vulnerability.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Interpersonal violence in a deprived Scottish urban area with aggregations of physical health risks and psychiatric morbidity: an ecological study.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Migration, Social Networks, and HIV Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Involuntary Bachelors in Rural China.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Neighborhood and Network Characteristics and the HIV Care Continuum among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2020Article
- Relationship of Racial Residential Segregation to Newly Diagnosed Cases of HIV among Black Heterosexuals in US Metropolitan Areas, 2008-2015.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2019Article
- Identifying Which Place Characteristics are Associated with the Odds of Recent HIV Testing in a Large Sample of People Who Inject Drugs in 19 US Metropolitan Areas.AIDS and behavior · 2019Article
- Associations between county-level voter turnout, county-level felony voter disenfranchisement, and sexually transmitted infections among women in the Southern United States.Annals of epidemiology · 2019Article
- Associations Between Neighborhood Characteristics, Social Cohesion, and Perceived Sex Partner Risk and Non-Monogamy Among HIV-Seropositive and HIV-Seronegative Women in the Southern U.S.Archives of sexual behavior · 2018Article
- Female dispersion and sex ratios interact in the evolution of mating behavior: a computational model.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Effectively Addressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disparities Affecting US Black Women.Health equity · 2018Article
- Optimizing Delivery of HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis for Women in the United States.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2018Review
- Dual Incarceration and Condom Use in Committed Relationships.AIDS and behavior · 2017Article
- Social determinants of adult sex ratios and racial/ethnic disparities in transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in the USA.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2017Review
- Adult sex ratio and social status predict mating and parenting strategies in Northern Ireland.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesRacial/ethnic disparities in heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have been hypothesized to be related to the high rate of incarceration and the shortage of men in black communities. This study tested associations of having multiple sex partners with these factors.
methodsRacial/ethnic-specific Census data on the sex ratio and the male incarceration rate were categorized into tertiles and matched with individual data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004 by county of residence for non-Hispanic black, non-Hispanic white, and Mexican American participants. We used logistic regression analyses to examine whether these factors were associated with having multiple opposite-sex partners in the past year.
resultsSex ratios and incarceration rates varied greatly by race/ethnicity; however, we observed significant associations within each racial/ethnic group. Non-Hispanic black men in counties with a greater shortage of males (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1, 3.5) and a greater number of incarcerated males (AOR = 1.6; 95% CI 1.1, 2.3) in the non-Hispanic black population had significantly greater odds of having two or more partners. Those in two low sex-ratio categories (AOR = 2.4; 95% CI 1.0, 5.8 and AOR = 4.1; 95% CI 1.6, 10.0) and one high incarceration-rate category (AOR = 2.1; 95% CI 1.2, 3.6) had significantly greater odds of having five or more partners.
conclusionSex ratios and incarceration rates were associated with the number of opposite-sex partners in some groups. Because the risk of HIV/ STI transmission depends, in part, on the number of partners, it is important to determine the causal relationships among these associations to help better understand racial/ethnic HIV/STI disparities and improve prevention programs and interventions.
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Registered trials
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