ArticleJournal of bacteriology2010
Molecular characterization of GrlA, a specific positive regulator of ler expression in enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genomic island-encoded regulatory proteins in enterohemorrhagicVirulence · 2024Review
- Phenotypic diversity of type III secretion system activity in enteropathogenicJournal of medical microbiology · 2024Article
- GrlR, a negative regulator in enteropathogenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Metabolome and transcriptome-wide effects of the carbon storage regulator A in enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- The Transcriptional Regulator HlyU Positively Regulates Expression ofJournal of bacteriology · 2018Article
- Regulation of the Locus of Enterocyte Effacement in Attaching and Effacing Pathogens.Journal of bacteriology · 2018Review
- Environment Controls LEE Regulation in EnteropathogenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Hfq and three Hfq-dependent small regulatory RNAs-MgrR, RyhB and McaS-coregulate the locus of enterocyte effacement in enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.Pathogens and disease · 2017Article
- Type Three Secretion System in Attaching and Effacing Pathogens.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016Review
- Lambda Red-mediated Recombineering in the Attaching and Effacing Pathogen Escherichia albertii.Biological procedures online · 2016Article
- The Tip of the Iceberg: On the Roles of Regulatory Small RNAs in the Virulence of Enterohemorrhagic and EnteropathogenicFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016Review
- Regulation of bacterial virulence by Csr (Rsm) systems.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2015Review
- Dynamics of expression and maturation of the type III secretion system of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.Journal of bacteriology · 2014Article
- The ribosome binding site of a mini-ORF protects a T3SS mRNA from degradation by RNase E.Molecular microbiology · 2012Article
- A distinct regulatory sequence is essential for the expression of a subset of nle genes in attaching and effacing Escherichia coli.Journal of bacteriology · 2012Article
- Identification of a novel prophage regulator in Escherichia coli controlling the expression of type III secretion.Molecular microbiology · 2012Article
- Coordinate control of the locus of enterocyte effacement and enterohemolysin genes by multiple common virulence regulators in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.Infection and immunity · 2011Article
- Honing the message: post-transcriptional and post-translational control in attaching and effacing pathogens.Trends in microbiology · 2011Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) infections are characterized by the formation of attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions on the surfaces of infected epithelial cells. The genes required for the formation of A/E lesions are located within the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE). Ler is the key regulatory factor controlling the expression of LEE genes. Expression of the ler gene is positively regulated by GrlA, which is encoded by the LEE. Here, we analyze the mechanism by which GrlA positively regulates ler expression and show that in the absence of H-NS, GrlA is no longer essential for ler activation, further confirming that GrlA acts in part as an H-NS antagonist on the ler promoter. Single-amino-acid mutants were constructed to test the functional significance of the putative helix-turn-helix (HTH) DNA binding motif found in the N-terminal half of GrlA, as well as at the C-terminal domain of the protein. Several mutations within the HTH motif, but not all, completely abolished GrlA activity, as well as specific binding to its target sequence downstream from position -54 in the ler regulatory region. Some of these mutants, albeit inactive, were still able to interact with the negative regulator GrlR, indicating that loss of activity was not a consequence of protein misfolding. Additional residues in the vicinity of the HTH domain, as well as at the end of the protein, were also shown to be important for GrlA activity as a transcriptional regulator, but not for its interaction with GrlR. In summary, GrlA consists of at least two functional domains, one involved in transcriptional activation and DNA binding and the other in heterodimerization with GrlR.
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