ArticleJournal of virology2010
JC virus latency in the brain and extraneural organs of patients with and without progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
Article in Journal of virology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of the published data on the worldwide prevalence of John Cunningham virus in patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica.Epidemiology and health · 2018Pooled it
- Review
- CRISPR antiviral inhibits neurotrophic JC polyomavirus in 2D and 3D culture models through dual-gRNA excision by SaCas9.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Strategic latency with temporal mutualism: a coevolutionary model of the host-varicella-zoster virus relationship.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Prevalence of JC Polyomavirus in Patients with Neuroinvasive Disease of Unknown Etiology in Croatia.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Revisiting JC virus and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Review
- Case report: JC polyomavirus nephropathy in simultaneous heart-kidney transplantation: the role of viral-specificFrontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Carbohydrates: Binding Sites and Potential Drug Targets for Neural-Affecting Pathogens.Advances in neurobiology · 2023Article
- Microglia in antiviral immunity of the brain and spinal cord.Seminars in immunology · 2022Review
- Database and Statistical Analyses of Transcription Factor Binding Sites in the Non-Coding Control Region of JC Virus.Viruses · 2021Article
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and the spectrum of JC virus-related disease.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2021Review
- JCPyV VP1 Mutations in Progressive MultifocalLeukoencephalopathy: Altering Tropismor Mediating Immune Evasion?Viruses · 2020Review
- Susceptibility of Primary Human Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells and Meningeal Cells to Infection by JC Virus.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Exploring the role of NCCR variation on JC polyomavirus expression from dual reporter minicircles.PloS one · 2018Article
- Understanding Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Risk in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Immunomodulatory Therapies: A Bird's Eye View.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- ViroFind: A novel target-enrichment deep-sequencing platform reveals a complex JC virus population in the brain of PML patients.PloS one · 2018Article
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Associated with Multiple Sclerosis Therapies.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2017Review
- A Difficult Decision: Atypical JC Polyomavirus Encephalopathy in a Kidney Transplant Recipient.Transplantation · 2017Article
- Imperfect Symmetry of Sp1 and Core Promoter Sequences Regulates Early and Late Virus Gene Expression of the Bidirectional BK Polyomavirus Noncoding Control Region.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Human polyomavirus JC replication and non-coding control region analysis in multiple sclerosis patients under natalizumab treatment.Journal of neurovirology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
JC virus (JCV) is latent in the kidneys and lymphoid organs of healthy individuals, and its reactivation in the context of immunosuppression may lead to progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Whether JCV is present in the brains or other organs of healthy people and in immunosuppressed patients without PML has been a matter of debate. We detected JCV large T DNA by quantitative PCR of archival brain samples of 9/24 (38%) HIV-positive PML patients, 5/18 (28%) HIV-positive individuals, and 5/19 (26%) HIV-negative individuals. In the same samples, we detected JCV regulatory region DNA by nested PCR in 6/19 (32%) HIV-positive PML patients, 2/11 (18%) HIV-positive individuals, and 3/17 (18%) HIV-negative individuals. In addition, JCV DNA was detected in some spleen, lymph node, bone, and kidney samples from the same groups. In situ hybridization data confirmed the presence of JCV DNA in the brains of patients without PML. However, JCV proteins (VP1 or T antigen) were detected mainly in the brains of 23/24 HIV-positive PML patients, in only a few kidney samples of HIV-positive patients, with or without PML, and rarely in the bones of HIV-positive patients with PML. JCV proteins were not detected in the spleen or lymph nodes in any study group. Furthermore, analysis of the JCV regulatory region sequences showed both rearranged and archetype forms in brain and extraneural organs in all three study groups. Regulatory regions contained increased variations of rearrangements correlating with immunosuppression. These results provide evidence of JCV latency in the brain prior to severe immunosuppression and suggest new paradigms in JCV latency, compartmentalization, and reactivation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.