Trial reportBMC gastroenterology2010
Gastric and intestinal barrier impairment in tropical enteropathy and HIV: limited impact of micronutrient supplementation during a randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in BMC gastroenterology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Environmental enteric dysfunction pathways and child stunting: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Micronutrient supplementation in adults with HIV infection.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Oral zinc for treating diarrhoea in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Impact of Daily Preventive Zinc or Therapeutic Zinc Supplementation for Diarrhea on Plasma Biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction among Rural Laotian Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Trial
- Short term micronutrient-antioxidant supplementation has no impact on a serological marker of gastric atrophy in Zambian adults: retrospective analysis of a randomised controlled trial.BMC gastroenterology · 2014Trial
- Effect of micronutrient and probiotic fortified yogurt on immune-function of anti-retroviral therapy naive HIV patients.Nutrients · 2011Trial
- Intestinal Permeability Is Associated with Mortality and Readmission in Children Hospitalized with Severe Acute Malnutrition.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Observational
- Plasma lipopolysaccharide levels predict mortality in acutely ill children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Potential and challenges in application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling in predicting diarrheal disease impact on oral drug pharmacokinetics.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2025Review
- Endoscopic diagnosis of gastric and oesophageal cancer in Lusaka, Zambia: a retrospective analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis.PloS one · 2021Article
- Intestinal permeability and inflammation mediate the association between nutrient density of complementary foods and biochemical measures of micronutrient status in young children: results from the MAL-ED study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Article
- Development of Salmonellosis as Affected by Bioactive Food Compounds.Microorganisms · 2019Review
- Factors associated with distal symmetric polyneuropathies in adult Zambians: A cross-sectional, observational study of the role of HIV, non-antiretroviral medication exposures, and nutrition.Journal of the neurological sciences · 2018Observational
- HIV related hypochlorhydria does not appear to respond to anti-retroviral therapy in Zambian adults: a case control study.The Pan African medical journal · 2018Article
- Presence of blood in gastric juice: A sensitive marker for gastric cancer screening in a poor resource setting.PloS one · 2018Article
- Decreased Absorption of Dolutegravir and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, But Not Emtricitabine, in an HIV-Infected Patient Following Oral and Jejunostomy-Tube Administration.Pharmacotherapy · 2017Article
- High prevalence of gastric intestinal metaplasia detected by confocal laser endomicroscopy in Zambian adults.PloS one · 2017Article
- Endomicroscopic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Impaired Barrier Function and Malabsorption in Environmental Enteropathy.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Article
- Previously Unidentified Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in HIV/AIDS Cases Associate with Clinical Parameters and Disease Progression.BioMed research international · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough micronutrient supplementation can reduce morbidity and mortality due to diarrhoea, nutritional influences on intestinal host defence are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that micronutrient supplementation can enhance barrier function of the gut.
methodsWe carried out two sub-studies nested within a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of daily micronutrient supplementation in an urban community in Lusaka, Zambia. In the first sub-study, gastric pH was measured in 203 participants. In the second sub-study, mucosal permeability, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and anti-LPS antibodies, and serum soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor p55 (sTNFR55) concentrations were measured in 87 participants. Up to three stool samples were also analysed microbiologically for detection of asymptomatic intestinal infection. Gastric histology was subsequently analysed in a third subset (n = 37) to assist in interpretation of the pH data. Informed consent was obtained from all participants after a three-stage information and consent process.
resultsHypochlorhydria (fasting gastric pH > 4.0) was present in 75 (37%) of participants. In multivariate analysis, HIV infection (OR 4.1; 95%CI 2.2-7.8; P < 0.001) was associated with hypochlorhydria, but taking anti-retroviral treatment (OR 0.16; 0.04-0.67; P = 0.01) and allocation to micronutrient supplementation (OR 0.53; 0.28-0.99; P < 0.05) were protective. Hypochlorhydria was associated with increased risk of salmonellosis. Mild (grade 1) gastric atrophy was found in 5 participants, irrespective of Helicobacter pylori or HIV status. Intestinal permeability, LPS concentrations in serum, anti-LPS IgG, and sTNFR55 concentrations did not differ significantly between micronutrient and placebo groups. Anti-LPS IgM was reduced in the micronutrient recipients (P <0.05).
conclusionsWe found evidence of a specific effect of HIV on gastric pH which was readily reversed by anti-retroviral therapy and not mediated by gastric atrophy. Micronutrients had a modest impact on gastric pH and one marker of bacterial translocation.
trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN31173864.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.