ArticleInternational journal of public health2010
Socioeconomic determinants of outpatient antibiotic use in Europe.
Article in International journal of public health, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinicians' perspectives on a primary healthcare intervention to reduce antibiotic prescription for acute lower respiratory tract infections in Barcelona (Spain): a qualitative study.Primary health care research & development · 2025Trial
- Use of oral fluoroquinolones in France between 2014 and 2023: a nationwide drug utilization study.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Spatial panel data analysis of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli in China.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Panel data analysis of the effect of ambient temperature on antimicrobial resistance in China.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Addressing Challenges in Antibiotic Access: Barriers, Implications and Strategies for Solution.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2024Review
- Linking epidemiological and genomic data in cases of enteric fever in England to inform clinical management and public health action.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Exploring the Preferences of the Australian Public for Antibiotic Treatments: A Discrete Choice Experiment.The patient · 2023Article
- Examining the association between socio-demographic factors, catheter use and antibiotic prescribing in Northern Ireland primary care: a cross-sectional multilevel analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2022Article
- Socioeconomic Factors Contributing to Antibiotic Resistance in China: A Panel Data Analysis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Socioeconomic Status and Determinants of Pediatric Antibiotic Use.Clinical pediatrics · 2021Article
- Parental self-medication with antibiotics for children promotes antibiotic over-prescribing in clinical settings in China.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2020Article
- Geographic mapping of Enterobacteriaceae with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype in Pereira, Colombia.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Policies to Reduce Antibiotic Consumption: The Impact in the Basque Country.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Broad Spectrum project: factors determining the quality of antibiotic use in primary care: an observational study protocol from Italy.BMJ open · 2020Article
- The epidemiology of carbapenem-non-susceptible Acinetobacter species in Europe: analysis of EARS-Net data from 2013 to 2017.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2020Observational
- Prevalence and Determinants of Antibiotic Consumption in the Elderly during 2006-2017.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Drug Utilization Pattern of Antibiotics: The Role of Age, Sex and Municipalities in Determining Variation.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2020Article
- Prevention of antibiotic resistance - an epidemiological scoping review to identify research categories and knowledge gaps.Global health action · 2019Article
- Social, demographic, and economic correlates of food and chemical consumption measured by wastewater-based epidemiology.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesOutpatient antibiotic consumption widely varies across Europe. The investigation of the causes of such variation may help to identify interventions that would improve the efficient use of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of socioeconomic determinants and the role played by information about bacterial resistance.
methodsComparable data on systemically administered antibiotics and socioeconomic determinants in 17 European countries were available between 2000 and 2005. We estimated an ad hoc econometric model by means of a hybrid log-log functional form and random effects generalised least squares regressions. Lagged values and the instrumental variable method were applied to address endogeneity of bacterial resistance and infections. Bacterial resistance was measured by the rate of penicillin non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates (PNSP) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
resultsThe population income, demographic structure, density of general practitioners and their remuneration method appeared to be significant determinants of antibiotic consumption. Although countries with higher levels of bacterial resistance exhibited significantly higher levels of per capita antibiotic use, ceteris paribus, the responsiveness of antibiotic use to changes in bacterial resistance was relatively low (0.09-0.18).
conclusionsThe study confirms that socioeconomic factors should be taken into account while explaining differences in outpatient antibiotic use across countries. The impact of supply-side factors and incentives attached to payment schemes for physicians need to be considered in government interventions to reduce inequalities and improve effectiveness in antibiotic utilisation.
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