ArticleDermato-endocrinology2009
In defense of the sun: An estimate of changes in mortality rates in the United States if mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were raised to 45 ng/mL by solar ultraviolet-B irradiance.
Article in Dermato-endocrinology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sun Exposure and Behavioral Activation for Hypovitaminosis D and Depression: A Controlled Pilot Study.Community mental health journal · 2018Trial
- Ultraviolet radiation and effects on humans: the paradigm of maternal vitamin D production during pregnancy.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2017Review
- UV imaging reveals facial areas that are prone to skin cancer are disproportionately missed during sunscreen application.PloS one · 2017Article
- 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Inhibits TGFβ1-Mediated Primary Human Cardiac Myofibroblast Activation.PloS one · 2015Article
- Review
- Vitamin D for health: a global perspective.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2013Article
- Short- and long-term sunlight radiation and stroke incidence.Annals of neurology · 2013Article
- Vitamin D beliefs and associations with sunburns, sun exposure, and sun protection.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2012Article
- New vitamin D analogs as potential therapeutics in melanoma.Expert review of anticancer therapy · 2012Review
- An ecological study of cancer mortality rates in California, 1950-64, with respect to solar UVB and smoking indices.Dermato-endocrinology · 2012Article
- Solar UV doses of adult Americans and vitamin D(3) production.Dermato-endocrinology · 2011Article
- Antimicrobial implications of vitamin D.Dermato-endocrinology · 2011Article
- Vitamin D deficiency and sun avoidance among university students at Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.Dermato-endocrinology · 2011Article
- An estimate of the global reduction in mortality rates through doubling vitamin D levels.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2011Review
- A review of the role of solar ultraviolet-B irradiance and vitamin D in reducing risk of dental caries.Dermato-endocrinology · 2011Article
- Association between atherosclerosis and osteoporosis, the role of vitamin D.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2011Article
- An ecological study of cancer mortality rates in the United States with respect to solar ultraviolet-B doses, smoking, alcohol consumption and urban/rural residence.Dermato-endocrinology · 2010Article
- An ecological study of cancer incidence and mortality rates in France with respect to latitude, an index for vitamin D production.Dermato-endocrinology · 2010Article
- Dr. Frank caldwell garland, june 20, 1950-august 17, 2010.Dermato-endocrinology · 2010Article
- Critique of the U-shaped serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level-disease response relation.Dermato-endocrinology · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Emerging scientific evidence strongly supports the beneficial role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of incidence and death from many chronic and infectious diseases. This study estimates increases in melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer mortality rates and decreases in chronic and infectious disease mortality rates in the US from the standpoint of approximately doubling population doses of solar UVB to increase mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels from 16 ng/mL for black Americans and 25 ng/mL for white Americans to 45 ng/mL. The primary benefits are expected to come from reductions in cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Although a few thousand excess deaths per year might occur from melanoma and skin cancer, the avoided premature death rate could be near 400,000/ year, with most of the avoided deaths coming late in life. While oral sources of vitamin D could be used instead of UVB or when UVB irradiance is not available, public health policies do not yet recommend the 3,000-4,000 IU/day required to raise serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels to the levels required for optimal health, which would be required before vitamin D fortification levels in food can be raised. Until then, moderate solar UVB irradiance remains an import source, and the health benefits greatly outweigh the risks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.