ArticlePLoS genetics2010
On the use of variance per genotype as a tool to identify quantitative trait interaction effects: a report from the Women's Genome Health Study.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 136 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
136 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Genetics of monozygotic twins reveals the impact of environmental sensitivity on psychiatric and neurodevelopmental phenotypes.Nature human behaviour · 2025Pooled it
- Variance-quantitative trait loci enable systematic discovery of gene-environment interactions for cardiometabolic serum biomarkers.Nature communications · 2022Pooled it
- A meta-analysis approach with filtering for identifying gene-level gene-environment interactions.Genetic epidemiology · 2018Pooled it
- Ranking and characterization of established BMI and lipid associated loci as candidates for gene-environment interactions.PLoS genetics · 2017Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of SNPs involved in variance heterogeneity using Levene's test for equal variances.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2014Pooled it
- Meta-analysis investigating associations between healthy diet and fasting glucose and insulin levels and modification by loci associated with glucose homeostasis in data from 15 cohorts.American journal of epidemiology · 2013Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in >80 000 subjects identifies multiple loci for C-reactive protein levels.Circulation · 2011Pooled it
- Quantitative trait loci, G×E and G×G for glycemic traits: response to metformin and placebo in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP).Journal of human genetics · 2022Trial
- Genome metabolome integrated network analysis to uncover connections between genetic variants and complex traits: an application to obesity.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2014Trial
- Genome-wide analysis of 439 mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiles in a population of 15,035 Scottish individuals.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Common and rare genetic variant associations with cognitive performance across development in British birth cohorts.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- Polygenic scores capture genetic modification of the adiposity-cardiometabolic risk factor relationship.Cell genomics · 2026Article
- Genetic impacts on within-pair DNA methylation variance in monozygotic twins capture gene-environment interactions and cell-type effects.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Mendelian Randomization With Longitudinal Exposure Data: Simulation Study and Real Data Application.Statistics in medicine · 2026Article
- Mendelian Randomization Methods for Causal Inference: Estimands, Identification and Inference.Statistics in medicine · 2026Review
- On the analysis of genetic association with long-read sequencing data.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Detecting latent interaction effects when analyzing binary traits.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Mental health-related genes that are sensitive to the environment.Nature human behaviour · 2025Article
- A Robust Association Test Leveraging Unknown Genetic Interactions: Application to Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease.Genetic epidemiology · 2025Article
76 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Testing for genetic effects on mean values of a quantitative trait has been a very successful strategy. However, most studies to date have not explored genetic effects on the variance of quantitative traits as a relevant consequence of genetic variation. In this report, we demonstrate that, under plausible scenarios of genetic interaction, the variance of a quantitative trait is expected to differ among the three possible genotypes of a biallelic SNP. Leveraging this observation with Levene's test of equality of variance, we propose a novel method to prioritize SNPs for subsequent gene-gene and gene-environment testing. This method has the advantageous characteristic that the interacting covariate need not be known or measured for a SNP to be prioritized. Using simulations, we show that this method has increased power over exhaustive search under certain conditions. We further investigate the utility of variance per genotype by examining data from the Women's Genome Health Study. Using this dataset, we identify new interactions between the LEPR SNP rs12753193 and body mass index in the prediction of C-reactive protein levels, between the ICAM1 SNP rs1799969 and smoking in the prediction of soluble ICAM-1 levels, and between the PNPLA3 SNP rs738409 and body mass index in the prediction of soluble ICAM-1 levels. These results demonstrate the utility of our approach and provide novel genetic insight into the relationship among obesity, smoking, and inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.