Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20581840›Full record

ArticleNature neuroscience2010

cJun integrates calcium activity and tlx3 expression to regulate neurotransmitter specification.

Kurt W Marek, Lisa M Kurtz, Nicholas C Spitzer

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature neuroscience, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Cholinergic Waves Have a Modest Influence on the Transcriptome of Retinal Ganglion Cells.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Hormone-switching islet cells: parallels to transmitter-switching neurons.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Decoding Neurotransmitter Switching: The Road Forward.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2020
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Calcium Signaling in Vertebrate Development and Its Role in Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018
    Review
  18. Neuronal activity regulates neurotransmitter switching in the adult brain following light-induced stress.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018
    Article
  19. StableFrontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2018
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kurt W MarekNeurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences and Center for Neural Circuits, Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. kmarek@ucsd.edu
Lisa M Kurtz
Nicholas C Spitzer
University of California, San Diego · US

Funding

TRAINING IN THE NEUROPLASTICITY OF AGINGT32AG000216 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KOO, EDWARD H. · 1992 to 2017
$8.4M
THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEURONSR01NS015918 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SPITZER, NICHOLAS CANADAY · 1985 to 2017
$5.8M
Genetic screens for analysis of Ca-dependent transmitter specificationR01NS057690 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DULCIS, DAVIDE, SPITZER, NICHOLAS CANADAY · 2009 to 2018
$2.5M
Mechanisms of Calcium Transients in Neuronal DevelopmentR01MH074702 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SPITZER, NICHOLAS CANADAY · 2006 to 2009
$1.3M
Mechanisms of Calcium Transients in Neuronal DevelopmentR56MH074702 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO · PI SPITZER, NICHOLAS CANADAY · 2005 to 2005
$332k
NIA NIH HHS T32 AG000216NIA NIH HHS T32 AG00216NIMH NIH HHS MH 074702NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH074702NIMH NIH HHS R56 MH074702NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS015918NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS057690
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neuronal differentiation is accomplished through cascades of intrinsic genetic factors initiated in neuronal progenitors by external gradients of morphogens. Activity has been thought to be important only late in development, but recent evidence suggests that activity also regulates early neuronal differentiation. Activity in post-mitotic neurons before synapse formation can regulate phenotypic specification, including neurotransmitter choice, but the mechanisms are not clear. We identified a mechanism that links endogenous calcium spike activity with an intrinsic genetic pathway to specify neurotransmitter choice in neurons in the dorsal embryonic spinal cord of Xenopus tropicalis. Early activity modulated transcription of the GABAergic/glutamatergic selection gene tlx3 through a variant cAMP response element (CRE) in its promoter. The cJun transcription factor bound to this CRE site, modulated transcription and regulated neurotransmitter phenotype via its transactivation domain. Calcium signaled through cJun N-terminal phosphorylation, which integrated activity-dependent and intrinsic neurotransmitter specification. This mechanism provides a basis for early activity to regulate genetic pathways at critical decision points, switching the phenotype of developing neurons.

Indexed as

Gene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalAnimalsBase SequenceCalciumCalcium SignalingElectrophoretic Mobility Shift AssayGene ExpressionHomeodomain ProteinsImmunohistochemistryIn Situ HybridizationMolecular Sequence DataNeurogenesisNeuronsNeurotransmitter AgentsPromoter Regions, GeneticProto-Oncogene Proteins c-junCalciumHomeodomain ProteinsNeurotransmitter AgentsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-juntlx3 protein, XenopusXenopus Proteins

Identifiers

PMID20581840
PMCPMC2910808
OpenAlexW2024035073

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.