ArticleClinical oral investigations2011
Salivary IL-6 levels in oral leukoplakia with dysplasia and its clinical relevance to tobacco habits and periodontitis.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Salivary biomarkers for the prognosis of oncological and infectious diseases: a systematic review.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Genetic polymorphisms and protein levels in vocal fold leukoplakia: a systematic review.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2022Pooled it
- Usefulness of protein-based salivary markers in the diagnosis of oral potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Assessment of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Cotinine Levels in the Saliva of Patients with Precancerous Lesions and Oral Mucosa Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Protein-based salivary biomarkers for the diagnosis of periodontal diseases: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2023Review
- The potential roles of cigarette smoke-induced extracellular vesicles in oral leukoplakia.European journal of medical research · 2023Review
- The Correlation of Swedish Snus, Nicotine Pouches and Other Tobacco Products with Oral Mucosal Health and Salivary Biomarkers.Dentistry journal · 2022Article
- Macrophage M1 polarization mediated via the IL-6/STAT3 pathway contributes to apical periodontitis induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2022Article
- The association of Candida and antifungal therapy with pro-inflammatory cytokines in oral leukoplakia.Clinical oral investigations · 2021Observational
- Dysbiosis of salivary microbiome and cytokines influence oral squamous cell carcinoma through inflammation.Archives of microbiology · 2021Article
- Inflammatory Mediators in Oral Cancer: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Diagnostic Potential.Frontiers in oral health · 2021Review
- Interventions to prevent periodontal disease in tobacco-, alcohol-, and drug-dependent individuals.Periodontology 2000 · 2020Review
- Evaluation of Proinflammatory, NF-kappaB Dependent Cytokines: IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in Tissue Specimens and Saliva of Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- A Literature Review of the Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers of Head and Neck Neoplasms.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Salivary inflammatory proteins in patients with oral potentially malignant disorders.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2019Review
- Personalized periodontal treatment for the tobacco- and alcohol-using patient.Periodontology 2000 · 2018Review
- Periodontal, salivary and IL-6 status in rheumatoid arthritis patients. A cross-sectional study.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2017Article
- Chronic periodontitis can affect the levels of potential oral cancer salivary mRNA biomarkers.Journal of periodontal research · 2017Article
- An exploratory approach demonstrating immune skewing and a loss of coordination among cytokines in plasma and saliva of Veterans with combat-related PTSD.Human immunology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The development of oral cancer proceeds through discrete molecular changes that are acquired from loss of genomic integrity after continued exposure to environmental risk factors. It is preceded in the majority of cases by clinically evident oral potentially malignant disorders, the most common of which is leukoplakia. Early detection of these oral lesions by screening methods using suitable markers is critical as it mirrors molecular alterations, long before cancer phenotypes are manifested. Assessment of salivary interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a marker of malignant progression was undertaken in patients with leukoplakia having coexisting periodontitis (n = 20), periodontitis patients without leukoplakia (n = 20), and healthy controls (n = 20) by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results showed elevation of IL-6 levels in leukoplakia with coexisting periodontitis and in periodontitis patients when compared to healthy control (P < 0.001). Within the leukoplakia group, IL-6 level was found to be increased with increase in the severity of dysplasia. The use of tobacco was seen to play a significant role in the elevation of salivary IL-6.The importance of IL-6 as a specific marker for leukoplakia with dysplasia and the role of tobacco as an independent risk factor has been highlighted.
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