ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2010
Association between multiple sclerosis and Candida species: evidence from a case-control study.
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials examining the clinical efficacy of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis.Neuroepidemiology · 2013Pooled it
- Microbial-Immune Interplay in CNS Autoimmune Diseases: Lessons from Animal Models and Clinical Studies.European journal of immunology · 2026Review
- Autoimmune responses to myelin-associated proteins as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Associations with human herpesvirus-6 and Epstein-Barr virus reactivation.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Interplay between fungal infections and autoimmunity: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.EMBO molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Exploring the mycobiota in multiple sclerosis: its influence on disease development and progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Contribution of CNS and extra-CNS infections to neurodegeneration: a narrative review.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
- Is there a window of opportunity for the therapeutic use of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis?Neural regeneration research · 2022Review
- Alterations in the Gut Fungal Community in a Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Systemic Infection by Non-Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The roles of fungus in CNS autoimmune and neurodegeneration disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Oral Colonization by Candida Species in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.Mycopathologia · 2020Article
- Review
- Malassezia in the central nervous system and multiple sclerosis.Infection · 2019Article
- Spondyloarthritis, Acute Anterior Uveitis, and Fungi: Updating the Catterall-King Hypothesis.Frontiers in medicine · 2018Article
- Microorganisms' Footprint in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2018Review
- Differential Behavior of Non-Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- A Fungal World: Could the Gut Mycobiome Be Involved in Neurological Disease?Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Article
- Epidemiology and costs of multiple sclerosis in Switzerland: an analysis of health-care claims data, 2011-2015.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2017Article
- The Role of Fungi in the Etiology of Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in neurology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Candida infection among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients has not been studied in depth. We determined whether there is an association between serological evidence of Candida infection and MS. Blood specimens were obtained from 80 MS patients and 240 matched controls. Immunofluorescence analysis and ELISA were used to detect Candida species antibodies and slot-blot to detect antigens. Using immunofluorescence analysis, moderate to high concentrations of serum antibodies to Candida famata were present in 30 (37.5%) MS patients vs. 30 (12.5%) controls (p < 0.001). Results for Candida albicans were 47.5% (38/80) in MS patients vs. 21.3% (51/240) in controls (p < 0.001), for Candida parapsilosis 37% (28/80) vs. 17.1% (41/240) (p < 0.001) and for Candida glabrata 46.3% (37/80) vs. 17.5% (42/240) (p < 0.001), respectively. After adjusting for age and gender, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for MS, according to the presence of Candida antigens were: 2.8 (0.3-23.1, p = 0.337) for Candida famata; 1.5 (0.7-3.4, p = 0.290) for Candida albicans; 7.3 (3.2-16.6, p < 0.001) for Candida parapsilosis; and 3.0 (1.5-6.1, p = 0.002) for Candida glabrata. The results were similar after excluding ten patients on immunosuppressants. The results of this single study suggest that Candida species infection may be associated with increased odds of MS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
20556470What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.