Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2010
Maternal or infant antiretroviral drugs to reduce HIV-1 transmission.
Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 227 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
HIV Infection and Breastfeeding: Interventions for Maternal and Infant Health
Pharmacokinetics of Antiretroviral Drugs in Lactating Women and Breastmilk Fed Infants Under 6 Months of Age in Botswana
Who cites it
227 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 435 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of interventions to improve postpartum retention of women in PMTCT and ART care.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2016Pooled it
- Antiretroviral interventions for preventing breast milk transmission of HIV.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Adherence to antiretroviral therapy during and after pregnancy in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AIDS (London, England) · 2012Pooled it
- Maintenance darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy to prevent perinatal HIV transmission, ANRS-MIE 168 MONOGEST study.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Analysis of the TCR Repertoire in HIV-Exposed but Uninfected Infants.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- The effects of a lipid-based nutrient supplement and antiretroviral therapy in a randomized controlled trial on iron, copper, and zinc in milk from HIV-infected Malawian mothers and associations with maternal and infant biomarkers.Maternal & child nutrition · 2018Trial
- Prevention of HIV-1 Transmission Through Breastfeeding: Efficacy and Safety of Maternal Antiretroviral Therapy Versus Infant Nevirapine Prophylaxis for Duration of Breastfeeding in HIV-1-Infected Women With High CD4 Cell Count (IMPAACT PROMISE): A Randomized, Open-Label, Clinical Trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Trial
- Assessment of Nevirapine Prophylactic and Therapeutic Dosing Regimens for Neonates.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Effect of Postnatal HIV Treatment on Clinical Mastitis and Breast Inflammation in HIV-Infected Breast-feeding Women.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2017Trial
- A randomized clinical trial on the effects of progestin contraception in the genital tract of HIV-infected and uninfected women in Lilongwe, Malawi: Addressing evolving research priorities.Contemporary clinical trials · 2017Trial
- Maternal and Breastmilk Viral Load: Impacts of Adherence on Peripartum HIV Infections Averted-The Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition Study.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Trial
- Cytomegalovirus IgG Level and Avidity in Breastfeeding Infants of HIV-Infected Mothers in Malawi.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2015Trial
- Antiretroviral therapy provided to HIV-infected Malawian women in a randomized trial diminishes the positive effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements on breast-milk B vitamins.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2015Trial
- Delayed HIV detection among infants exposed to postnatal antiretroviral prophylaxis during breastfeeding.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Trial
- Antiretroviral Treatment Is Associated With Iron Deficiency in HIV-Infected Malawian Women That Is Mitigated With Supplementation, but Is Not Associated With Infant Iron Deficiency During 24 Weeks of Exclusive Breastfeeding.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2015Trial
- Effect of cytomegalovirus infection on breastfeeding transmission of HIV and on the health of infants born to HIV-infected mothers.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Trial
- Reducing lost to follow-up in a large clinical trial of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals and Nutrition study experience.Clinical trials (London, England) · 2015Trial
- Evaluation of adherence measures of antiretroviral prophylaxis in HIV exposed infants in the first 6 weeks of life.BMC pediatrics · 2015Trial
167 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
23 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe evaluated the efficacy of a maternal triple-drug antiretroviral regimen or infant nevirapine prophylaxis for 28 weeks during breast-feeding to reduce postnatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in Malawi.
methodsWe randomly assigned 2369 HIV-1-positive, breast-feeding mothers with a CD4+ lymphocyte count of at least 250 cells per cubic millimeter and their infants to receive a maternal antiretroviral regimen, infant nevirapine, or no extended postnatal antiretroviral regimen (control group). All mothers and infants received perinatal prophylaxis with single-dose nevirapine and 1 week of zidovudine plus lamivudine. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the cumulative risk of HIV-1 transmission or death by 28 weeks among infants who were HIV-1-negative 2 weeks after birth. Rates were compared with the use of the log-rank test.
resultsAmong mother-infant pairs, 5.0% of infants were HIV-1-positive at 2 weeks of life. The estimated risk of HIV-1 transmission between 2 and 28 weeks was higher in the control group (5.7%) than in either the maternal-regimen group (2.9%, P=0.009) or the infant-regimen group (1.7%, P<0.001). The estimated risk of infant HIV-1 infection or death between 2 and 28 weeks was 7.0% in the control group, 4.1% in the maternal-regimen group (P=0.02), and 2.6% in the infant-regimen group (P<0.001). The proportion of women with neutropenia was higher among those receiving the antiretroviral regimen (6.2%) than among those in either the nevirapine group (2.6%) or the control group (2.3%). Among infants receiving nevirapine, 1.9% had a hypersensitivity reaction.
conclusionsThe use of either a maternal antiretroviral regimen or infant nevirapine for 28 weeks was effective in reducing HIV-1 transmission during breast-feeding. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00164736.)
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.