ArticlePlant biotechnology journal2011
Expression and characterization of antimicrobial peptides Retrocyclin-101 and Protegrin-1 in chloroplasts to control viral and bacterial infections.
Article in Plant biotechnology journal, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Ex vivo HNSCC clinical studies using saliva and antiviral or antibacterial chewing gums reveal reduction in carcinogenic microbes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Production, Delivery, and Regulatory Aspects for Application of Plant-Based Anti-microbial Peptides: a Comprehensive Review.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- Antimicrobial Peptides: Classification, Mechanism, and Application in Plant Disease Resistance.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- Expression of endochitinase and exochitinase in lettuce chloroplasts increases plant biomass and kills fungal pathogen Candida albicans.Plant biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Microbial production systems and optimization strategies of antimicrobial peptides: a review.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
- Cathelicidins: Opportunities and Challenges in Skin Therapeutics and Clinical Translation.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- High-yield, plant-based production of an antimicrobial peptide with potent activity in a mouse model.Plant biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Expression and characterization of the new antimicrobial peptide AP138L-arg26 anti Staphylococcus aureus.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Article
- An amphipathic peptide combats multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and biofilms.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Biochemistry, Mechanistic Intricacies, and Therapeutic Potential of Antimicrobial Peptides: An Alternative to Traditional Antibiotics.Current medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Current alternative therapies for treating drug-resistantFuture microbiology · 2024Review
- An analysis of codon utilization patterns in the chloroplast genomes of three species of Coffea.BMC genomic data · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Peptides: Challenging Journey to the Pharmaceutical, Biomedical, and Cosmeceutical Use.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Efficient in planta production of amidated antimicrobial peptides that are active against drug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Thinking on the Construction of Antimicrobial Peptide Databases: Powerful Tools for the Molecular Design and Screening.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Expression strategies for the efficient synthesis of antimicrobial peptides in plastids.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Insights into plastome ofSaudi journal of biological sciences · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial Peptides as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Neisseria Infections.Current microbiology · 2022Review
- Short Peptides Make a Big Difference: The Role of Botany-Derived AMPs in Disease Control and Protection of Human Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Retrocyclin-101 (RC101) and Protegrin-1 (PG1) are two important antimicrobial peptides that can be used as therapeutic agents against bacterial and/or viral infections, especially those caused by the HIV-1 or sexually transmitted bacteria. Because of their antimicrobial activity and complex secondary structures, they have not yet been produced in microbial systems and their chemical synthesis is prohibitively expensive. Therefore, we created chloroplast transformation vectors with the RC101 or PG1 coding sequence, fused with GFP to confer stability, furin or Factor Xa cleavage site to liberate the mature peptide from their fusion proteins and a His-tag to aid in their purification. Stable integration of RC101 into the tobacco chloroplast genome and homoplasmy were confirmed by Southern blots. RC101 and PG1 accumulated up to 32%-38% and 17%∼26% of the total soluble protein. Both RC101 and PG1 were cleaved from GFP by corresponding proteases in vitro, and Factor Xa-like protease activity was observed within chloroplasts. Confocal microscopy studies showed location of GFP fluorescence within chloroplasts. Organic extraction resulted in 10.6-fold higher yield of RC101 than purification by affinity chromatography using His-tag. In planta bioassays with Erwinia carotovora confirmed the antibacterial activity of RC101 and PG1 expressed in chloroplasts. RC101 transplastomic plants were resistant to tobacco mosaic virus infections, confirming antiviral activity. Because RC101 and PG1 have not yet been produced in other cell culture or microbial systems, chloroplasts can be used as bioreactors for producing these proteins. Adequate yield of purified antimicrobial peptides from transplastomic plants should facilitate further preclinical studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.