ArticleEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2010
Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir in combination with rifampicin-based antitubercular treatment in HIV-infected South African children.
Article in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02348177 (A Pharmacokinetics Study Comparing Lopinavir Plasma Exposure When Given as Lopinavir/Ritonavir), which is not on this map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Pharmacokinetics Study Comparing Lopinavir Plasma Exposure When Given as Lopinavir/Ritonavir (1:1) in the Presence of Rifampicin and Lopinavir/Ritonavir (4:1) Without Rifampicin in HIV and TB Co-infected Children in South Africa.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral and tuberculosis drugs in children with HIV/TB co-infection: a systematic review.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2020Pooled it
- A fully automatic tool for development of population pharmacokinetic models.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Article
- Model-Based Residual Post-Processing for Residual Model Identification.The AAPS journal · 2018Article
- Population Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir in Severely Malnourished HIV-infected Children and the Effect on Treatment Outcomes.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2018Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions of Lopinavir-Ritonavir Administered with First- and Second-Line Antituberculosis Drugs in HIV-Infected Children Treated for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Observational
- Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenetic, and Other Factors Influencing CNS Penetration of Antiretrovirals.AIDS research and treatment · 2016Review
- Article
- Treatment optimization in patients co-infected with HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections: focus on drug-drug interactions with rifamycins.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2014Review
- Virologic and immunologic outcome of HAART in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 infected patients with and without tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.AIDS research and therapy · 2013Article
- Unresolved antiretroviral treatment management issues in HIV-infected children.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2012Review
- Population pharmacokinetics of lopinavir and ritonavir in combination with rifampicin-based antitubercular treatment in HIV-infected children.Antiviral therapy · 2012Article
- TB and HIV Therapeutics: Pharmacology Research Priorities.AIDS research and treatment · 2012Article
- Antiretroviral therapy for children in resource-limited settings: current regimens and the role of newer agents.Paediatric drugs · 2011Review
- Initiating antiretrovirals during tuberculosis treatment: a drug safety review.Expert opinion on drug safety · 2011Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe population pharmacokinetics (PK) of lopinavir in tuberculosis (TB)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infected South African children taking super-boosted lopinavir (lopinavir/ritonavir ratio 1:1) as part of antiretroviral treatment in the presence of rifampicin were compared with the population PK of lopinavir in HIV-infected South African children taking standard doses of lopinavir/ritonavir (ratio 4:1).
methodsLopinavir concentrations were measured in 15 TB/HIV-co-infected paediatric patients who were sampled during and after rifampicin-based TB treatment and in 15 HIV-infected children without TB. During TB therapy, the dose of ritonavir was increased to lopinavir/ritonavir 1:1 in order to compensate for the induction of rifampicin. The children received median (interquartile range=IQR) doses of lopinavir 292 mg/m(2) (274, 309) and ritonavir 301 mg/m(2) (286, 309) twice daily. After TB treatment completion the children received standard doses of lopinavir/ritonavir 4:1 (median [IQR] lopinavir dose 289 mg/m(2) [286, 303] twice daily) as did those without TB (median [IQR] lopinavir dose 265 mg/m(2) [249, 289] twice daily).
resultsLopinavir oral clearance (CL/F) was about 30% lower in children without TB than in co-infected children treated with super-boosted lopinavir. However, the predicted lopinavir C(min) was above the recommended minimum therapeutic concentration during TB/HIV co-treatment in the 15 children. Lopinavir CL/F increased linearly during the dosing interval.
conclusionsIncreasing the ritonavir dose to achieve a lopinavir/ritonavir ratio of 1:1 when given in combination with rifampicin-based TB treatment did not completely compensate for the enhancement of lopinavir CL/F caused by rifampicin. The time-dependent lopinavir CL/F might be due to a time-dependent recovery from ritonavir inhibition of lopinavir metabolism during the dosing interval.
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