Trial reportExperimental and clinical psychopharmacology2010
Contingency management and levodopa-carbidopa for cocaine treatment: a comparison of three behavioral targets.
Trial report in Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of cocaine use disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Pooled it
- "I's" on the prize: A systematic review of individual differences in Contingency Management treatment response.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2019Pooled it
- Dopamine agonists for the treatment of cocaine dependence.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Mixed amphetamine salts-extended release (MAS-ER) as a behavioral treatment augmentation strategy for cocaine use disorder: A randomized clinical trial.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2024Trial
- Anhedonia Is Associated with Poorer Outcomes in Contingency Management for Cocaine Use Disorder.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2017Trial
- A two-phased screening paradigm for evaluating candidate medications for cocaine cessation or relapse prevention: modafinil, levodopa-carbidopa, naltrexone.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2014Trial
- Atomoxetine does not alter cocaine use in cocaine dependent individuals: double blind randomized trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2013Trial
- Evaluation of buspirone for relapse-prevention in adults with cocaine dependence: an efficacy trial conducted in the real world.Contemporary clinical trials · 2012Trial
- The Unsolved Problem of Attrition Rates on Randomized Clinical Trials for Cocaine Use Disorders: A Scoping Review.Substance use & addiction journal · 2025Article
- Modafinil Does Not Reduce Cocaine Use in Methadone-Maintained Individuals.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2022Article
- Understanding Stimulant Use and Use Disorders in a New Era.The Medical clinics of North America · 2022Review
- Responding to global stimulant use: challenges and opportunities.Lancet (London, England) · 2019Review
- Expectancy-Related Changes in Dopaminergic Error Signals Are Impaired by Cocaine Self-Administration.Neuron · 2019Article
- New Directions in Medication-Facilitated Behavioral Treatment for Substance Use Disorders.Current psychiatry reports · 2016Review
- Dopamine ups and downs in vulnerability to addictions: a neurodevelopmental model.Trends in pharmacological sciences · 2014Review
- Combination pharmacotherapies for stimulant use disorder: a review of clinical findings and recommendations for future research.Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2014Review
- Pharmacotherapeutics for substance-use disorders: a focus on dopaminergic medications.Expert opinion on investigational drugs · 2013Review
- Measuring Outcome in the Treatment of Cocaine Dependence.Journal of alcoholism and drug dependence · 2013Article
- Psychostimulant treatment of cocaine dependence.The Psychiatric clinics of North America · 2012Review
- Combination of Modafinil and d-amphetamine for the Treatment of Cocaine Dependence: A Preliminary Investigation.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
New data support use of levodopa pharmacotherapy with behavioral contingency management (CM) as one efficacious combination in cocaine dependence disorder treatment. A potential mechanism of the combined treatment effects may be related to dopamine-induced enhancement of the saliency of contingently delivered reinforcers. Evidence to support this mechanism was sought by evaluating levodopa-enhancing effects across distinct CM conditions that varied in behavioral targets. A total of 136 treatment-seeking, cocaine dependent subjects participated in this 12-week, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of levodopa (vs. placebo) administered in combination with one of three behavioral CM conditions. In the CM-URINE condition, subjects received cash-valued vouchers contingent on cocaine-negative urine toxicology results. In the CM-ATTEND condition, the same voucher schedule was contingent on attending thrice weekly clinic visits. In the CM-MEDICATION condition, the same voucher schedule was contingent on Medication Event Monitoring Systems- and riboflavin-based evidence of pill-taking behavior. Primary outcomes associated with each CM target behavior were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models for repeated outcomes. CM responding in the CM-ATTEND and CM-MEDICATION conditions showed orderly effects, with each condition producing corresponding changes in targeted behaviors, regardless of medication condition. In contrast, CM responding in the CM-URINE condition was moderated by medication, with levodopa-treated subjects more likely to submit cocaine-negative urines. These findings specify the optimal target behavior for CM when used in combination with levodopa pharmacotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.