ArticleAIDS (London, England)2010
Acute HIV-1 infection is highly prevalent in Ugandan adults with suspected malaria.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnosing acute and prevalent HIV-1 infection in young African adults seeking care for fever: a systematic review and audit of current practice.International health · 2014Pooled it
- High HIV Incidence Among HIV-Infected But Undetected Individuals Seeking HIV Voluntary Counselling and Testing Services in the Greater Masaka Region in Uganda.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Predicting, Diagnosing, and Treating Acute and Early HIV Infection in a Public Sector Facility in Eswatini.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2021Article
- New infections and HIV-1 subtypes among febrile persons and blood donors in Oyo State, Nigeria.Journal of medical virology · 2021Article
- HIV infection in Eastern and Southern Africa: Highest burden, largest challenges, greatest potential.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Differences in acute retroviral syndrome by HIV-1 subtype in a multicentre cohort study in Africa.AIDS (London, England) · 2017Article
- IP-10 Levels as an Accurate Screening Tool to Detect Acute HIV Infection in Resource-Limited Settings.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Clinical and public health implications of acute and early HIV detection and treatment: a scoping review.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Article
- Prospective Study of Acute HIV-1 Infection in Adults in East Africa and Thailand.The New England journal of medicine · 2016Article
- Incorporating Acute HIV Screening into Routine HIV Testing at Sexually Transmitted Infection Clinics, and HIV Testing and Counseling Centers in Lilongwe, Malawi.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
- Targeted screening of at-risk adults for acute HIV-1 infection in sub-Saharan Africa.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Article
- The HIV treatment cascade in acutely infected people: informing global guidelines.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2015Review
- Brief Report: Health-Seeking Behavior and Symptoms Associated With Early HIV Infection: Results From a Population-Based Cohort in Southern Malawi.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2015Article
- Evaluation of nine HIV rapid test kits to develop a national HIV testing algorithm in Nigeria.African journal of laboratory medicine · 2015Article
- How can we better identify early HIV infections?Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2015Review
- Plasmodium falciparum Infection Does Not Affect Human Immunodeficiency Virus Viral Load in Coinfected Rwandan Adults.Open forum infectious diseases · 2014Article
- Acute HIV-1 infection is as common as malaria in young febrile adults seeking care in coastal Kenya.AIDS (London, England) · 2014Article
- HIV-1 testing of young febrile adults seeking care for fever in sub-Sahara Africa.International health · 2014Article
- Evolution of the global burden of viral infections from unsafe medical injections, 2000-2010.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAcute febrile illnesses consistent with malaria are the most common presentation at health clinics in sub-Saharan Africa, accounting for 30-50% of outpatient visits. The symptoms of acute HIV infection can mimic acute malaria. We investigated whether acute HIV infections could be identified among adults with suspected malaria at rural health centers in Uganda.
designA cross-sectional study of 1000 consecutive patients referred for malaria blood smears at each of seven government health centers, of which 2893 (41%) were 13 years or older and tested for HIV.
methodsHIV enzyme immunoassay antibody testing was performed on dried blood spots and confirmed by western blot. Enzyme immunoassay-nonreactive and enzyme immunoassay-reactive, western blot-unconfirmed samples were pooled (10/pool) and tested for HIV RNA by nucleic acid amplification testing. We defined acute HIV infection as HIV-1 RNA positive with a negative or indeterminate HIV-1 western blot pattern and early HIV infection as HIV-1 RNA positive with a positive western blot pattern, but with a BED-corrected optical density of below 0.8.
resultsOf 2893 patients evaluated, 324 (11%) had test results indicating HIV infection. Overall, 30 patients (1.0%) had acute HIV infection, 56 (1.8%) had early HIV infection, and 238 (8%) had established HIV infection. Acute HIV infections were more prevalent at sites with higher HIV prevalence and lower malaria endemicity.
conclusionAt multiple sites in Uganda, 1-3% of adults with suspected malaria had acute or early HIV infection. These findings highlight a major opportunity for expanding recognition of acute and early HIV infection in Africa.
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