ArticleMaternal and child health journal2011
Trajectories of overweight among US school children: a focus on social and economic characteristics.
Article in Maternal and child health journal, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations of Longitudinal BMI-Percentile Classification Patterns in Early Childhood with Neighborhood-Level Social Determinants of Health.Childhood obesity (Print) · 2025Article
- Obesity Heterogeneity by Neighborhood Context in a Largely Latinx Sample.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Late-onset or chronic overweight/obesity predicts low self-esteem in early adolescence: a longitudinal cohort study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Assessing the Impact of Changes in Household Socioeconomic Status on the Health of Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.Adolescent research review · 2021Review
- Individual-, family-, and contextual-level variables do not explain the protective effect of parental nativity status on changes in 3-15-year-old children's BMI.SSM - population health · 2020Article
- Multilevel analysis of BMI growth trajectories of US school children: Features and risk factors.SSM - population health · 2019Article
- Article
- Ethnic disparities in childhood BMI trajectories and obesity and potential causes among 29,250 US children: Findings from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth and Kindergarten Cohorts.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2018Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities in weight, height and body mass index from birth to 5 years.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2018Article
- The effect of prenatal maternal cigarette smoking on children's BMI z-score with SGA as a mediator.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2018Article
- Secular changes in physical growth and obesity among southwestern American Indian children over four decades.Pediatric obesity · 2018Article
- Receipt of public assistance during childhood and hypertension risk in adulthood.Annals of epidemiology · 2017Article
- One Size May Not Fit All: How Obesity Among Mexican-Origin Youth Varies by Generation, Gender, and Age.Demography · 2016Article
- BMI Development and Early Adolescent Psychosocial Well-Being: UK Millennium Cohort Study.Pediatrics · 2016Article
- Does parenting help to explain socioeconomic inequalities in children's body mass index trajectories? Longitudinal analysis using the Growing Up in Scotland study.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2016Article
- Obesity status trajectory groups among elementary school children.BMC public health · 2016Article
- Exploring Categorical Body Mass Index Trajectories in Elementary School Children.The Journal of school health · 2016Article
- Trends in Early Childhood Obesity in a Large Urban School District in the Southwestern United States, 2007-2014.Preventing chronic disease · 2016Article
- Two Worlds of Obesity: Ethnic Differences in Child Overweight/Obesity Prevalence and Trajectories.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2016Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Early Childhood Obesity: Growth Trajectories in Body Mass Index.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Much of the research examining the patterns, timing, and socioeconomic characteristics of child overweight has been limited by the lack of longitudinal nationally representative data with sufficiently large or diverse samples. We used the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort (ECLS-K), a nationally representative sample of US kindergartners, to identify three distinct patterns of weight gain from kindergarten through eighth grade. The largest group (boys: 59%, girls: 55%) was characterized as having consistently normal weight whereby BMI percentile remained below the 85th percentile. The remaining children (boys: 41%, girls: 45%) fell either into a class characterized as always overweight/at risk of overweight (boys: 27%, girls: 25%) or gradually becoming overweight/at risk for overweight (boys: 15%, girls 20%). We found some evidence that the relationship between socioeconomic status and children's health may operate differently across gender. Among girls, low parental income and education were both significant risk factors for the gradual onset of overweight after beginning Kindergarten. Parental income or changes in parental income were not related to boys' risk of developing overweight after entering Kindergarten; only parents' education. We found that while children of immigrants display higher levels of overweight/at risk for overweight at each grade level, the children of immigrant parents who have had less exposure to the US were more likely to experience early and sustained overweight throughout elementary and middle school, particularly among boys. High rates of overweight as early as kindergarten, combined with race/ethnic differences suggest that interventions should focus on pre-school children's environments.
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