ReviewEssays in biochemistry2010
Mitochondrial proton and electron leaks.
Review in Essays in biochemistry, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 395 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
395 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 809 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hydrated proton complexes supplementation for tumor microenvironment reprogramming: a bioenergetic strategy targeting the Warburg effect and mitochondrial dysfunction.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of six weeks ubiquinol supplementation on mitochondrial respiratory function and exercise capacity in healthy males.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- The impact of menstrual cycle phase and BMI on mitochondrial dysfunction in PMOS endometrium.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Computational modeling of substrate-dependent lung mitochondrial respiration and bioenergetics in rats with different susceptibility to hyperoxia-induced ARDS.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2026Article
- Carbon-to-ATP ratios across the kingdoms of life.iScience · 2026Article
- Article
- Mitochondrial respiratory capacities are not linked to individual variation in hypoxia tolerance and standard metabolic rate in European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax.Journal of fish biology · 2026Article
- Neuronal Nrf/SKN-1B controls a sexually dimorphic neuroendocrine pathway for C. elegans exploratory behaviour.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Convergent elevation of mitochondrial proton leakage improves thermogenesis in honeybees.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Accidental hypothermia.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Decoding the Hot-Mitochondrion Paradox.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Sex-dependent differences in mitochondrial protein acetylation in metabolic condition, oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Review
- Higher temperatures distinctly affect the brain mitochondrial respiration of two Amazonian fishes, a predator and a prey.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- Sex-specific differences in lung mitochondrial function and injury in rats exposed to hyperoxia.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2026Article
- Re-Evaluating Hot Mitochondria: Too Slow to Cool.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- Advances in research on thermogenic substances.Journal of physiological anthropology · 2026Review
- REAL208, a Liposome-based Formulation of Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor, Protects Acute Kidney Deficiency in Mice.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial hyperoxidation contributes to warm ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat and pig livers.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Reversible dissociation of mitochondrial Complex V balances anabolic and energy-generating needs in cancer.iScience · 2026Article
- Occludin modulates HIV and ischaemic stroke response via the mitochondrial antiviral signalling pathway.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
335 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Mitochondrial proton and electron leak have a major impact on mitochondrial coupling efficiency and production of reactive oxygen species. In the first part of this chapter, we address the molecular nature of the basal and inducible proton leak pathways, and their physiological importance. The basal leak is unregulated, and a major proportion can be attributed to mitochondrial anion carriers, whereas the proton leak through the lipid bilayer appears to be minor. The basal proton leak is cell-type specific and correlates with metabolic rate. The inducible leak through the ANT (adenine nucleotide translocase) and UCPs (uncoupling proteins) can be activated by fatty acids, superoxide or lipid peroxidation products. The physiological role of inducible leak through UCP1 in mammalian brown adipose tissue is heat production, whereas the roles of non-mammalian UCP1 and its paralogous proteins, in particular UCP2 and UCP3, are not yet resolved. The second part of the chapter focuses on the electron leak that occurs in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Exit of electrons prior to the reduction of oxygen to water at cytochrome c oxidase causes superoxide production. As the mechanisms of electron leak are crucial to understanding their physiological relevance, we summarize the mechanisms and topology of electron leak from complexes I and III in studies using isolated mitochondria. We also highlight recent progress and challenges of assessing electron leak in the living cell. Finally, we emphasize the importance of proton and electron leak as therapeutic targets in body mass regulation and insulin secretion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.