ReviewCurrent HIV/AIDS reports2010
Methadone, buprenorphine, and street drug interactions with antiretroviral medications.
Review in Current HIV/AIDS reports, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV infection and risk of overdose: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AIDS (London, England) · 2012Pooled it
- Methadone Pharmacogenetics: CYP2B6 Polymorphisms Determine Plasma Concentrations, Clearance, and Metabolism.Anesthesiology · 2015Trial
- Therapeutic drug monitoring of protease inhibitors and efavirenz in HIV-infected individuals with active substance-related disorders.Therapeutic drug monitoring · 2011Trial
- Interactions between long-acting antiretrovirals and opioids: a call for clinical awareness.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Can Buprenorphine Be Overdosed? The Ceiling Effect and Its Clinical Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effectiveness and Safety of Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Patients With HIV-1 Infection and Ongoing Substance Use Disorder: The BASE Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Drugs of Abuse and Their Impact on Viral Pathogenesis.Viruses · 2021Review
- Effect of HIV, antiretrovirals, and genetics on methadone pharmacokinetics: Results from the methadone antiretroviral pharmacokinetics study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Treating viruses in the brain: Perspectives from NeuroAIDS.Neuroscience letters · 2021Review
- The impact of high-dose opioid prescription on mortality rates among people living with HIV: A retrospective cohort study.The International journal on drug policy · 2020Article
- Factors associated with concurrent heroin use among patients on methadone maintenance treatment in Vietnam: A 24-month retrospective analysis of a nationally representative sample.The International journal on drug policy · 2018Article
- Histopathological study of liver tissue due to methadone consumption and its effect on liver enzymes and inflammatory indices in rat.Drug design, development and therapy · 2018Article
- Treatment of opioid dependence with buprenorphine: current update.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2017Review
- Pharmacokinetic Considerations for Combining Antiretroviral Therapy, Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents for Hepatitis C Virus, and Addiction Treatment Medications.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2017Review
- Factors Influencing Access and Use of Care and Treatment Services among Iranian People Living with HIV and AIDS: A Qualitative Study.Iranian journal of public health · 2016Article
- Impact of a methadone maintenance therapy pilot in Vietnam and its role in a scaled-up response.Harm reduction journal · 2015Observational
- Arrhythmia associated with buprenorphine and methadone reported to the Food and Drug Administration.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2015Article
- A Review of the Toxicity of HIV Medications II: Interactions with Drugs and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Products.Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2015Review
- Long-term Prescription of Opioids and/or Benzodiazepines and Mortality Among HIV-Infected and Uninfected Patients.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2015Observational
- HIV-gp120 and physical dependence to buprenorphine.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
While street drugs appear unlikely to alter the metabolism of antiretroviral (ARV) medications, several ARVs may induce or inhibit metabolism of various street drugs. However, research on these interactions is limited. Case reports have documented life-threatening overdoses of ecstasy and gamma-hydroxybutyrate after starting ritonavir, an ARV that inhibits several metabolic enzymes. For opioid addiction, methadone or buprenorphine are the treatments of choice. Because a number of ARVs decrease or increase methadone levels, patients should be monitored for methadone withdrawal or toxicity when they start or stop ARVs. Most ARVs do not cause buprenorphine withdrawal or toxicity, even if they alter buprenorphine levels, with rare exceptions to date including atazanavir/ritonavir associated with significant increases in buprenorphine and adverse events related to sedation and mental status changes in some cases. There are newer medications yet to be studied with methadone or buprenorphine. Further, there are many frequently used medications in treatment of complications of HIV disease that have not been studied. There is need for continuing research to define these drug interactions and their clinical significance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.