ArticlePloS one2010
Random X inactivation and extensive mosaicism in human placenta revealed by analysis of allele-specific gene expression along the X chromosome.
Article in PloS one, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Mind the Litter: The Critical Role of Intralitter Variables in Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology Research.Birth defects research · 2026Review
- X chromosome inactivation in mammals: general principles and species-specific considerations.EMBO reports · 2025Review
- Non-canonical imprinting, manifesting as post-fertilization placenta-specific parent-of-origin dependent methylation, is not conserved in humans.Human molecular genetics · 2025Article
- Creation of true interspecies hybrids: Rescue of hybrid class with hybrid cytoplasm affecting growth and metabolism.Science advances · 2024Article
- Compensation of gene dosage on the mammalian X.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Review
- Sex-Specific Transcriptomic Changes in the Villous Tissue of Placentas of Pregnant Women Using a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Dissection of protein and RNA regions required for SPEN binding to XIST A-repeat RNA.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- IndiSPENsable for X Chromosome Inactivation and Gene Silencing.Epigenomes · 2023Review
- The compleX balancing act of controlling X-chromosome dosage and how it impacts mammalian germline development.The Biochemical journal · 2023Article
- Generation of blastoids from human parthenogenetic stem cells.Life medicine · 2023Article
- X chromosome inactivation in the human placenta is patchy and distinct from adult tissues.HGG advances · 2022Article
- The Placenta's Role in Sexually Dimorphic Fetal Growth Strategies.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2022Review
- Stem-cell-derived trophoblast organoids model human placental development and susceptibility to emerging pathogens.Cell stem cell · 2022Article
- Review
- Sex Differences Are Here to Stay: Relevance to Prenatal Care.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Article
- Features and mechanisms of canonical and noncanonical genomic imprinting.Genes & development · 2021Review
- X chromosome-dependent disruption of placental regulatory networks in hybrid dwarf hamsters.Genetics · 2021Article
- Concurrent X chromosome inactivation and upregulation during non-human primate preimplantation development revealed by single-cell RNA-sequencing.Scientific reports · 2021Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Imprinted inactivation of the paternal X chromosome in marsupials is the primordial mechanism of dosage compensation for X-linked genes between females and males in Therians. In Eutherian mammals, X chromosome inactivation (XCI) evolved into a random process in cells from the embryo proper, where either the maternal or paternal X can be inactivated. However, species like mouse and bovine maintained imprinted XCI exclusively in extraembryonic tissues. The existence of imprinted XCI in humans remains controversial, with studies based on the analyses of only one or two X-linked genes in different extraembryonic tissues. Here we readdress this issue in human term placenta by performing a robust analysis of allele-specific expression of 22 X-linked genes, including XIST, using 27 SNPs in transcribed regions. We show that XCI is random in human placenta, and that this organ is arranged in relatively large patches of cells with either maternal or paternal inactive X. In addition, this analysis indicated heterogeneous maintenance of gene silencing along the inactive X, which combined with the extensive mosaicism found in placenta, can explain the lack of agreement among previous studies. Our results illustrate the differences of XCI mechanism between humans and mice, and highlight the importance of addressing the issue of imprinted XCI in other species in order to understand the evolution of dosage compensation in placental mammals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.