ReviewNature reviews. Urology2010
Achieving urinary continence in children.
Review in Nature reviews. Urology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Faster clean catch urine collection (Quick-Wee method) from infants: randomised controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2017Trial
- Assisted Infant Toilet Training and Bladder and Bowel Health: A Global Integrative Review.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Review
- International expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (arginine vasopressin resistance).Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Review
- Delayed elimination communication is a crucial factor in disposable diaper dependence in Chinese preschool-aged children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Disposable diaper overuse is associated with primary enuresis in children.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- [Pilot study on drinking and voiding management in child day-care facilities in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen].Der Urologe. Ausg. A · 2019Article
- Best practice in the assessment of bladder function in infants.Therapeutic advances in urology · 2014Review
- Can evidence-based medicine change toilet-training practice?Arab journal of urology · 2013Review
- Toilet training in daycare centers in Flanders, Belgium.European journal of pediatrics · 2012Article
- The medical care of children with autism.European journal of pediatrics · 2012Review
- A healthy bladder: a consensus statement.International journal of clinical practice · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Achievement of urinary continence is an important developmental step that most children attain with the assistance of their parents and caregivers. Debate continues as to the best time to toilet train; in some Asian and African cultures children are trained as infants, while training at age 2-3 years is more typical in Western cultures. Infant voiding is not merely a spinal reflex, as the sensation of bladder filling is relayed to the brain. However, the ability of the brain to inhibit bladder contractions, and to achieve coordinated bladder contraction with sphincter relaxation, matures over time. While there is a concern that later toilet training may be responsible for an increase in urinary incontinence in children, no controlled studies on early versus late toilet training exist to evaluate this hypothesis. A number of medical conditions such as spina bifida, posterior urethral valves, cerebral palsy and autism can cause incontinence and difficulties in toilet training. The decision to start toilet training a child should take into account both the parents' expectation of how independent the child will be in terms of toileting, and the child's developmental readiness, so that a realistic time course for toilet training can be implemented.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.