ArticleDiabetes2010
Müller cell-derived VEGF is essential for diabetes-induced retinal inflammation and vascular leakage.
Article in Diabetes, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 229 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
229 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 396 citations in OpenAlex.
- The proteasome as a druggable target with multiple therapeutic potentialities: Cutting and non-cutting edges.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2020Pooled it
- Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels Correlate with Severity of Retinopathy in Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Disease markers · 2019 · on this mapPooled it
- LECT2-RPS27A interaction involving Lys48 attenuates neuroinflammation in diabetic retinopathy.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Dysfunction of the Neurovascular Unit in Diabetic Retinopathy: Advances from Molecular Mechanisms to Targeted Interventions.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Annexin A1 as a Key Modulator of Inflammatory, Glial, and Angiogenic Signaling Pathways in Diabetic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Beyond Glucose: Palmitic Acid Influences VEGFA-VEGFR2 Angiogenic Signaling in Müller Glial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- VEGFA-Targeted M3-F4 Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles Improve Diabetic Retinopathy.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Article
- Strain-Dependent Differences in Baseline Retinal Immune Homeostasis: A Comparative Study of Albino and Pigmented Mice.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- KDM6A promotes diabetic retinopathy via H3K27me3-dependent ferroptosis in Müller cells.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Advances in the Role of the CD40-CD154 Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Effect of ramucirumab and bevacizumab in an experimental diabetic retinopathy rat model: A pilot study.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- GABA Receptor Activation in Müller Glia as a Molecular Switch for Controlling VEGF-A in the Retina.ASN neuro · 2026Article
- The association between maternal blood lipid trajectory and offspring preschool myopia in prospective and nested case‒control analyses.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Phenotype-driven management of diabetic macular edema: multimodal imaging biomarkers and individualized therapy.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Mechanistic Insights into the Combined Anti-inflammatory Effects of Bevacizumab and Triamcinolone in Hyperglycemic Retinal Cells: Modulation of MCP-1, CXCL10, and Their Receptors.Journal of ophthalmic & vision research · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and applications of natural plant ingredients in modulating amino acid metabolism for the improvement of diabetic retinopathy: a review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- The role of interleukin-6 in diabetic retinal disease: pathophysiology and therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The role and potential mechanism of PEST-containing nuclear protein (PCNP) in endothelial cell angiogenesis in vitro.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Nrf2 Deficiency in Müller Cells Exacerbates Pathological Neovascularization in Ischemic Retinopathy.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Article
169 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A or VEGF) is a major pathogenic factor and therapeutic target for diabetic retinopathy (DR). Since VEGF has been proposed as a survival factor for retinal neurons, defining the cellular origin of pathogenic VEGF is necessary for the effectiveness and safety of long-term anti-VEGF therapies for DR. To determine the significance of Müller cell-derived VEGF in DR, we disrupted VEGF in Müller cells with an inducible Cre/lox system and examined diabetes-induced retinal inflammation and vascular leakage in these conditional VEGF knockout (KO) mice. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsLeukostasis was determined by counting the number of fluorescently labeled leukocytes inside retinal vasculature. Expression of biomarkers for retinal inflammation was assessed by immunoblotting of TNF-alpha, ICAM-1, and NF-kappaB. Vascular leakage was measured by immunoblotting of retinal albumin and fluorescent microscopic analysis of extravascular albumin. Diabetes-induced vascular alterations were examined by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry for tight junctions, and by trypsin digestion assays for acellular capillaries. Retinal integrity was analyzed with morphologic and morphometric analyses.
resultsDiabetic conditional VEGF KO mice exhibited significantly reduced leukostasis, expression of inflammatory biomarkers, depletion of tight junction proteins, numbers of acellular capillaries, and vascular leakage compared to diabetic control mice.
conclusionsMüller cell-derived VEGF plays an essential and causative role in retinal inflammation, vascular lesions, and vascular leakage in DR. Therefore, Müller cells are a primary cellular target for proinflammatory signals that mediates retinal inflammation and vascular leakage in DR.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.