Trial reportClinical and experimental immunology2010
Rituximab treatment in patients with active Graves' orbitopathy: effects on proinflammatory and humoral immune reactions.
Trial report in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04876534 (Multicenter, Randomized, Observer-blind, Controlled Study of the Anti-IL-6 Receptor Antibody Tocilizumab), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Multicenter, Randomized, Observer-blind, Controlled Study of the Anti-IL-6 Receptor Antibody Tocilizumab (TCZ) or Methylprednisolone (MP) Treatment in Patients With Active Moderate-severe Graves' Orbitopathy
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy and safety of rituximab, tocilizumab, and teprotumumab in Graves' orbitopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Eye (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Intravenous rituximab therapy for active Graves' ophthalmopathy: a meta-analysis.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2021Pooled it
- Does rituximab improve clinical outcomes of patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy? A systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2018Pooled it
- Intraorbital injection of rituximab versus high dose of systemic glucocorticoids in the treatment of thyroid-associated orbitopathy.Endocrine · 2015Trial
- Efficacy of B-cell targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with active moderate to severe Graves' orbitopathy: a randomized controlled study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2015Trial
- [New Onset of Graves' Orbitopathy Following Bendamustine-Rituximab (BR) therapy in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Case Report and Literature Review].Problemy endokrinologii · 2026Review
- Alemtuzumab-induced thyroid eye disease successfully treated with a single low dose of rituximab.European thyroid journal · 2024Article
- Rituximab in the treatment of Graves' orbitopathy: latest updates and perspectives.Endocrine connections · 2022Review
- Observation study of using a small dose of rituximab treatment for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy in seven Chinese patients: One pilot study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Therapy With Different Dose Regimens of Rituximab in Patients With Active Moderate-To-Severe Graves' Orbitopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- New Therapeutic Horizons for Graves' Hyperthyroidism.Endocrine reviews · 2020Review
- Efficacy of rituximab in patients with Graves' orbitopathy: a retrospective multicenter nationwide study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2020Observational
- Rituximab in the Treatment of Thyroid Eye Disease: A Review.Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press) · 2015Review
- Efficacy of Subantimicrobial Dose Doxycycline for Moderate-to-Severe and Active Graves' Orbitopathy.International journal of endocrinology · 2015Article
- Delineating the autoimmune mechanisms in Graves' disease.Immunologic research · 2012Review
- The evolving role of selenium in the treatment of graves' disease and ophthalmopathy.Journal of thyroid research · 2012Article
- The pathophysiology of thyroid eye disease: implications for immunotherapy.Current opinion in ophthalmology · 2011Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In active Graves' orbitopathy (GO), proinflammatory cytokines predominate. Circulating thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)-receptor antibodies (TRAb) have been correlated with GO clinical activity and severity. In preliminary studies rituximab (RTX), an anti-CD 20 monoclonal antibody, has induced clinical improvement of active GO without a change in serum anti-thyroid antibodies. We have studied whether RTX in GO acts by affecting proinflammatory cytokines and thyroid and orbital-directed antibodies. Ten patients with GO were treated with RTX, administered twice intravenously (i.v.) (1000 mg) at days 1 and 15, and 20 with methylprednisolone, administered weekly i.v. (500 mg), for 16 weeks. Patients were studied before treatment, at B cell depletion and at 4, 8, 16, 20, 30 and 50 weeks. Peripheral lymphocytes, serum interleukin (sIL)-6, sIL-6r, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10), TRAb and stimulating antibodies (TSAb) and autoantibodies against orbital calsequestrin, collagen XIII and flavoprotein subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (FP-SDH) were measured at baseline and after treatment. Serum IL-6 and sIL-6R concentrations did not change after RTX [P = not significant (n.s.)]. Serum CXCL10 increased after RTX at B cell depletion and at 30 weeks (P < 0·003). Serum TSAb did not change in relation to TRAb, nor did antibodies against orbital antigens (P = n.s.). In conclusion, this study shows that RTX in GO does not affect humoral reactions. The observed increase of serum CXCL10 concentrations at B cell depletion may result from cell lysis. We suggest that RTX may exert its effect in GO by inhibiting B cell antigen presentation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.