Trial reportAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2010
Clinical efficacy and safety of glucosamine, chondroitin sulphate, their combination, celecoxib or placebo taken to treat osteoarthritis of the knee: 2-year results from GAIT.
Trial report in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 255 citations in OpenAlex.
- Network meta-analysis of metformin, probiotics, krill oil, celecoxib, and glucosamine/chondroitin in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Efficacy and Safety of Disease-Modifying Osteoarthritis Drugs for Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis-a Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Cardiovascular safety of celecoxib in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Risk factors for pain and functional impairment in people with knee and hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2020Pooled it
- Osteoarthritis- a systematic review of long-term safety implications for osteoarthritis of the knee.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2019Pooled it
- Safety of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in Osteoarthritis: Outcomes of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Drugs & aging · 2019Pooled it
- The Effects of Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate on Gut Microbial Composition: A Systematic Review of Evidence from Animal and Human Studies.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effects of glucosamine in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical rheumatology · 2018Pooled it
- Comparison of effect sizes between enriched and nonenriched trials of analgesics for chronic musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2017Pooled it
- Celecoxib for osteoarthritis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Relative benefit-risk comparing diclofenac to other traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in patients with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis: a network meta-analysis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2015Pooled it
- Chondroitin for osteoarthritis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Trial
- Effects of dietary supplementation with a standardized aqueous extract of Terminalia chebula fruit (AyuFlexBMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2017Trial
- Efficacy of pulsed Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial.Lasers in medical science · 2017Trial
- Effect of glucosamine on intraocular pressure: a randomized clinical trial.Eye (London, England) · 2017Trial
- Efficacy and safety of PG201 (Layla(®)) and celecoxib in the treatment of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a double-blinded, randomized, multi-center, active drug comparative, parallel-group, non-inferiority, phase III study.Rheumatology international · 2014Trial
- A commercialized dietary supplement alleviates joint pain in community adults: a double-blind, placebo-controlled community trial.Nutrition journal · 2013Trial
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 13 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of pain and functional limitation in older adults, yet longer-term studies of medical treatment of OA are limited.
objectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate (CS), alone or in combination, as well as celecoxib and placebo on painful knee OA over 2 years.
methodsA 24-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, conducted at nine sites in the US ancillary to the Glucosamine/chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial, enrolled 662 patients with knee OA who satisfied radiographic criteria (Kellgren/Lawrence grade 2 or 3 changes and baseline joint space width of at least 2 mm). This subset continued to receive their randomised treatment: glucosamine 500 mg three times daily, CS 400 mg three times daily, the combination of glucosamine and CS, celecoxib 200 mg daily, or placebo over 24 months. The primary outcome was a 20% reduction in Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain over 24 months. Secondary outcomes included an Outcome Measures in Rheumatology/Osteoarthritis Research Society International response and change from baseline in WOMAC pain and function.
resultsCompared with placebo, the odds of achieving a 20% reduction in WOMAC pain were celecoxib: 1.21, glucosamine: 1.16, combination glucosamine/CS: 0.83 and CS alone: 0.69, and were not statistically significant.
conclusionsOver 2 years, no treatment achieved a clinically important difference in WOMAC pain or function as compared with placebo. However, glucosamine and celecoxib showed beneficial but not significant trends. Adverse reactions were similar among treatment groups and serious adverse events were rare for all treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.