Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20525780›Full record

Trial reportNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2010

Smokeless tobacco reduction with the nicotine lozenge and behavioral intervention.

Jon O Ebbert, Amanda Edmonds, Xianghua Luo, Joni Jensen, Dorothy K Hatsukami

Open access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Smoking reduction interventions for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
    Pooled it
  3. Interventions for smokeless tobacco use cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015
    Pooled it
  4. Flavored and nonflavored smokeless tobacco products: rate, pattern of use, and effects.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2013
    Pooled it
  5. Trial
  6. Comparing an immediate cessation versus reduction approach to smokeless tobacco cessation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2012
    Trial
  7. Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jon O EbbertMayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ebbert.jon@mayo.edu
Amanda Edmonds
Xianghua Luo
Joni Jensen
Dorothy K Hatsukami
Twin Cities Orthopedics · USUniversity of Minnesota · USMayo Clinic in Florida · US

Funding

TOBACCO REDUCTION STRATEGIES FOR PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC DISEASEP50DA013333 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI HATSUKAMI, DOROTHY K · 1999 to 2008
$16.8M
Treatment of Smokeless Tobacco UsersR01DA014404 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI HATSUKAMI, DOROTHY K · 2001 to 2008
$1.7M
NIDA NIH HHS DA 14404NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA 013333NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA013333NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA014404
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionStudies have evaluated smoking reduction with nicotine replacement therapy to reduce tobacco exposure and facilitate abstinence among cigarette smokers, but none have evaluated a reduction approach in smokeless tobacco (ST) users.

methodsWe conducted an open-label pilot study to determine if the 4-mg nicotine lozenge with a behavioral intervention could facilitate ST use reduction among ST users compared with a behavioral intervention alone. Eligible subjects were ST users not interested in quitting.

resultsOne hundred and two subjects were randomized. Both interventions were associated with significant decreases in ST use and toxicant exposure and with increased abstinence, quit attempts, and duration of abstinence. However, no significant differences were observed between groups for these outcomes. DISCUSSION: A behavioral intervention with or without the nicotine lozenge may be effective for decreasing both ST use and toxicant exposure and for increasing tobacco abstinence, quit attempts, and duration of abstinence. The use of reduction strategies for ST users not interested in quitting deserves further evaluation as an intervention strategy.

Indexed as

Smoking PreventionTobacco, SmokelessAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNicotineSmokingSmoking CessationYoung AdultNicotine

Identifiers

PMID20525780
PMCPMC2910871
OpenAlexW1988815620

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.