ArticleJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2010
Evaluation of midkine and anterior gradient 2 in a multimarker panel for the detection of ovarian cancer.
Article in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum Midkine as a Biomarker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment Response and Prognostication.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2026Article
- Rewiring immunity: Midkine's emerging role in cancer immune escape and drug resistance.iScience · 2026Review
- Composite proteomic and metabolomic plasma biomarkers for detection of colorectal, lung and ovarian cancers.Molecular cancer · 2026Article
- Exploring drug resistance via intercellular crosstalk using spatial transcriptomics in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Significance of Midkine Signaling in Women's Cancers: Novel Biomarker and Therapeutic Target.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Midkine Serum Levels in Inflammatory and Non-Inflammatory Dilated Cardiomyopathy.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Autocrine and paracrine effects of MDK promote lymph node metastasis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.iScience · 2024Article
- Review
- The Anterior GRadient (AGR) family proteins in epithelial ovarian cancer.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2021Review
- From development to cancer - an ever-increasing role of AGR2.American journal of cancer research · 2021Review
- Secretion of pro-oncogenic AGR2 protein in cancer.Heliyon · 2020Review
- Midkine (MDK) growth factor: a key player in cancer progression and a promising therapeutic target.Oncogene · 2020Review
- Review
- A two-step strategy for identification of plasma protein biomarkers for endometrial and ovarian cancer.Clinical proteomics · 2018Article
- Tumor-secreted anterior gradient-2 binds to VEGF and FGF2 and enhances their activities by promoting their homodimerization.Oncogene · 2017Article
- A multiplex platform for the identification of ovarian cancer biomarkers.Clinical proteomics · 2017Article
- Midkine as a potential diagnostic marker in epithelial ovarian cancer for cisplatin/paclitaxel combination clinical therapy.American journal of cancer research · 2015Article
- Measuring midkine: the utility of midkine as a biomarker in cancer and other diseases.British journal of pharmacology · 2014Review
- Midkine expression is associated with clinicopathological features and BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid cancer.Endocrine · 2014Article
- A highly sensitive targeted mass spectrometric assay for quantification of AGR2 protein in human urine and serum.Journal of proteome research · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aims of this study were: to characterise and compare plasma concentrations of midkine (MDK) in normal healthy women with concentrations observed in women with ovarian cancer; and to establish and compare the performance of MDK with that of anterior gradient 2 protein (AGR2) and CA125 in the development of multi-analyte classification algorithms for ovarian cancer. Median plasma concentrations of immunoreactive MDK, AGR2 and CA125 were significantly greater in the case cohort (909 pg/ml, 765 pg/ml and 502 U/ml, respectively n = 46) than in the control cohort (383 pg/ml, 188 pg/ml and 13 U/ml, respectively n = 61) (p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) for MDK and AGR2 was not significantly different (0.734 +/- 0.046 and 0.784 +/- 0.049, respectively, mean +/- SE) but were both significantly less than the AUC for CA125 (0.934 +/- 0.030, p < 0.003). When subjected to stochastic gradient boosted logistic regression modelling, the AUC of the multi-analyte panel (MDK, AGR2 and CA125, 0.988 +/- 0.010) was significantly greater than that of CA125 alone (0.934 +/- 0.030, p = 0.035). The sensitivity and specificity of the multi-analyte algorithm were 95.2 and 97.7%, respectively. Within the study cohort, CA125 displayed a sensitivity and specificity of 87.0 and 94.6%, respectively. The data obtained in this study confirm that both MDK and AGR2 individually display utility as biomarkers for ovarian cancer and that in a multi-analyte panel significantly improve the diagnostic utility of CA125 in symptomatic women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.