ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2010
Increased all-cause and cancer mortality in HTLV-II infection.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Seroprevalence of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 amongst mothers and children in Malawi within the context of a systematic review and meta-analysis of HTLV seroprevalence in Africa.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2016Pooled it
- FC-duplex IgG1 (HTLV-1/2): Qualifying the flow cytometry IgG1 duplex assay for differential diagnosis of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Milk Transmission of Mammalian Retroviruses.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Transfusion-Transmitted Disorders 2023 with Special Attention to Bone Marrow Transplant Patients.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Clinical and Public Health Implications of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Infection.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Article
- A novel high performing multiplex immunoassay Multi-HTLV for serological confirmation and typing of HTLV infections.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Retroviral integrations contribute to elevated host cancer rates during germline invasion.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Biochemical Characterization, Specificity and Inhibition Studies of HTLV-1, HTLV-2, and HTLV-3 Proteases.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Functional properties and sequence variation of HTLV-1 p13.Retrovirology · 2020Review
- Dichotomy in Fatal Outcomes in a Large Cohort of People Living with HTLV-1 in São Paulo, Brazil.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Post-transcriptional Regulation of HTLV Gene Expression: Rex to the Rescue.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Review
- Evaluation of Sensitivity and Specificity Performance of Elecsys HTLV-I/II Assay in a Multicenter Study in Europe and Japan.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2017Article
- Article
- Telomere Length, Proviral Load and Neurologic Impairment in HTLV-1 and HTLV-2-Infected Subjects.Viruses · 2016Article
- Clonality of HTLV-2 in natural infection.PLoS pathogens · 2014Article
- HTLV-1 and HTLV-2: highly similar viruses with distinct oncogenic properties.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Review
- Highlights on distinctive structural and functional properties of HTLV Tax proteins.Frontiers in microbiology · 2013Review
- Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 and type 2 seroprevalence, incidence, and residual transfusion risk among blood donors in Brazil during 2007-2009.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2012Article
- Comparison of the Genetic Organization, Expression Strategies and Oncogenic Potential of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2.Leukemia research and treatment · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHuman T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-I and HTLV-II cause chronic human retroviral infections, but few studies have examined the impact of either virus on survival among otherwise healthy individuals. The authors analyzed all-cause and cancer mortality in a prospective cohort of 155 HTLV-I, 387 HTLV-II, and 799 seronegative subjects.
methodsVital status was ascertained using death certificates, the US Social Security Death Index or family report, and causes of death were grouped into 9 categories. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsAfter a median follow-up of 15.9 years, there were 105 deaths: 22 HTLV-I, 41 HTLV-II, and 42 HTLV-seronegative. Cancer was the predominant cause of death, resulting in 8 HTLV-I, 17 HTLV-II, and 15 HTLV-seronegative deaths. After adjustment for confounding, HTLV-I status was not significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality, though there was a positive trend (HR: 1.6, 95% CI: 0.8 to 3.1). HTLV-II status was strongly associated with increased all-cause (HR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.4 to 4.4) and cancer mortality (HR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.6 to 9.2).
conclusionsThe observed associations of HTLV-II with all-cause and cancer mortality could reflect biological effects of HTLV-II infection, residual confounding by socioeconomic status or other factors, or differential access to health care and cancer screening.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.