SynthesisObstetrics and gynecology2010
Ectopic pregnancy and emergency contraceptive pills: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Obstetrics and gynecology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Adverse Effects of Levonorgestrel Emergency Oral Contraceptive.Clinical drug investigation · 2020Pooled it
- Pharmacological topics of interest for young people: misinformation on TikTok is common.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Advanced Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy Presenting with a Formed Fetus: Case Analysis and Review of Literature.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2025Article
- Spontaneous Heterotopic Triplet Pregnancies With Single Intrauterine and Twin Tubal Pregnancies Post-Levonorgestrel Use: Case Report and Literature Review.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Levonorgestrel at emergency contraception dose has no effect on ciliary beat frequency and muscular contraction of the human fallopian tube: an in vitro experimental study.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2024Article
- Documenting the Provision of Emergency Contraceptive Pills Through Youth-Serving Delivery Channels: Exploratory Mixed Methods Research on Malawi's Emergency Contraception Strategy.Global health, science and practice · 2024Article
- Assessing the risk factors and management outcomes of ectopic pregnancy: A retrospective case-control study.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2023Article
- A Case of Advanced Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy after Emergency Contraception.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Case of rupture ectopic pregnancy with emergency contraception levonorgestrel 0.075 mg in a lactating woman.Clinical case reports · 2021Article
- Predictive Analytic Model for Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Cost-effectiveness of emergency contraception options over 1 year.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2018Article
- Levonorgestrel only emergency contraceptive use and risk of ectopic pregnancy in Eldoret Kenya: a case-control study.The Pan African medical journal · 2018Article
- State of emergency contraception in the U.S., 2018.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2018Review
- Does levonorgestrel emergency contraceptive have a post-fertilization effect? A review of its mechanism of action.The Linacre quarterly · 2016Review
- Emergency contraception. Widely available and effective but disappointing as a public health intervention: a review.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2015Review
- Association between levonorgestrel emergency contraception and the risk of ectopic pregnancy: a multicenter case-control study.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Mechanism of action of levonorgestrel emergency contraception.The Linacre quarterly · 2015Review
- Emergency contraception review: evidence-based recommendations for clinicians.Clinical obstetrics and gynecology · 2014Review
- Contraceptive Use and the Risk of Ectopic Pregnancy: A Multi-Center Case-Control Study.PloS one · 2014Article
- High maternal mortality estimated by the sisterhood method in a rural area of Mali.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the existing data to estimate the rate of ectopic pregnancy among emergency contraceptive pill treatment failures. DATA SOURCES: Our initial reference list was generated from a 2008 Cochrane review of emergency contraception. In August 2009, we searched Biosys Previews, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Medline, Global Health Database, Health Source: Popline, and Wanfang Data (a Chinese database).
methodsThis study included data from 136 studies, which followed a defined population of women treated one time with emergency contraceptive pills (either mifepristone or levonorgestrel) and in which the number and location of pregnancies were ascertained.
resultsData from each article were abstracted independently by two reviewers. In the studies of mifepristone, 3 of 494 (0.6%) pregnancies were ectopic; in the levonorgestrel studies, 3 of 307 (1%) were ectopic.
conclusionThe rate of ectopic pregnancy when treatment with emergency contraceptive pills fails does not exceed the rate observed in the general population. Because emergency contraceptive pills are effective in lowering the risk of pregnancy, their use will reduce the chance that an act of intercourse will result in ectopic pregnancy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.