ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2010
Tumor cells disseminate early, but immunosurveillance limits metastatic outgrowth, in a mouse model of melanoma.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 313 papers.
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Who cites it
313 citing papers in PubMed, 485 citations in OpenAlex.
- The sleeping threat: targeting cancer dormancy to transform metastasis therapy.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- The circadian gene Dec2 promotes pancreatic cancer progression and dormancy through immune evasion.Developmental cell · 2026Article
- Targeting tumor dormancy: the next frontier in gastrointestinal stromal tumor therapy.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- The Pro-Metastatic Roles of ROS.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Osteocytes in the Metastatic Bone Niche: Mechanistic Pathways and Therapeutic Targets.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Metastasis on pause: How dormant tumor cells stay hidden within the tumor microenvironment and evade immune surveillance.Molecular oncology · 2026Review
- Article
- Hyaluronic acid-CD44 signaling defines therapeutic resistance and immunosuppressive microenvironment in peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Remodeling the tumor dormancy ecosystem to prevent recurrence and metastasis.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Cancer Cell Dormancy and Chemotherapy Resistance.Journal of Cancer · 2026Review
- Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in the Management of Recurrent Unresectable Retroperitoneal Ganglioneuroma.Cureus · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of tumor persistence in metastatic melanoma following successful immunotherapy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Microenvironmental and Molecular Pathways Driving Dormancy Escape in Bone Metastases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Unlocking Lung Cancer Cell Dormancy: An Epigenetic Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Co-encapsulation of an AKT Inhibitor Enhances the Tumor-cell Selectivity of STING Agonists in Co-delivery Liposomes.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Article
- The Duality of Collagens in Metastases of Solid Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Clinical and molecular characterizations of HNSCC patients with occult lymph node metastasis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Antitumor CD4+ T Helper 1 Cells Target and Control the Outgrowth of Disseminated Cancer Cells.Cancer immunology research · 2025Article
- Genetics and current research models of Mendelian tumor predisposition syndromes with ocular involvement.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2025Review
- Metabolic landscape of disseminated cancer dormancy.Trends in cancer · 2025Review
253 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related death, it is not clear why some patients with localized cancer develop metastatic disease after complete resection of their primary tumor. Such relapses have been attributed to tumor cells that disseminate early and remain dormant for prolonged periods of time; however, little is known about the control of these disseminated tumor cells. Here, we have used a spontaneous mouse model of melanoma to investigate tumor cell dissemination and immune control of metastatic outgrowth. Tumor cells were found to disseminate throughout the body early in development of the primary tumor, even before it became clinically detectable. The disseminated tumor cells remained dormant for varying periods of time depending on the tissue, resulting in staggered metastatic outgrowth. Dormancy in the lung was associated with reduced proliferation of the disseminated tumor cells relative to the primary tumor. This was mediated, at least in part, by cytostatic CD8+ T cells, since depletion of these cells resulted in faster outgrowth of visceral metastases. Our findings predict that immune responses favoring dormancy of disseminated tumor cells, which we propose to be the seed of subsequent macroscopic metastases, are essential for prolonging the survival of early stage cancer patients and suggest that therapeutic strategies designed to reinforce such immune responses may produce marked benefits in these patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.