ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2010
African apes as reservoirs of Plasmodium falciparum and the origin and diversification of the Laverania subgenus.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 144 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hidden hematological, biochemical and immune costs of asymptomatic malaria infections in semi-wild chimpanzees.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- The evolutionary history of Plasmodium falciparum from mitochondrial and apicoplast genomes of China-Myanmar border isolates.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Screening Clinical, Laboratory and Host Markers for Diagnosis of Disease Severity inIndian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Review
- Why Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum are so different? A tale of two clades and their species diversities.Malaria journal · 2022Review
- Evolutionary history of orangutan plasmodia revealed by phylogenetic analysis of complete mtDNA genomes and new biogeographical divergence dating calibration models.American journal of primatology · 2022Article
- Review
- Grand challenges in parasite epidemiology and ecology.Frontiers in parasitology · 2022Article
- Molecular Identification ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Zoonotic Transmissions and Host Switches of Malaria Parasites.Zoonoses (Shannon, Ireland) · 2021Article
- Ape Origins of Human Malaria.Annual review of microbiology · 2020Review
- Host-Malaria Parasite Interactions and Impacts on Mutual Evolution.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Apicoplast phylogeny reveals the position of Plasmodium vivax basal to the Asian primate malaria parasite clade.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- A great-ape view of the gut microbiome.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2019Review
- Studies of nonhuman primates: key sources of data on zoonoses and microbiota.New microbes and new infections · 2018Article
- Plasmodium ovale wallikeri in Western Lowland Gorillas and Humans, Central African Republic.Emerging infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Investigating zoonotic infection barriers to ape Plasmodium parasites using faecal DNA analysis.International journal for parasitology · 2018Article
- Adaptive Evolution of RH5 in ApemBio · 2018Article
- Review
- Evolutionary structure ofEcology and evolution · 2017Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 10 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We investigated two mitochondrial genes (cytb and cox1), one plastid gene (tufA), and one nuclear gene (ldh) in blood samples from 12 chimpanzees and two gorillas from Cameroon and one lemur from Madagascar. One gorilla sample is related to Plasmodium falciparum, thus confirming the recently reported presence in gorillas of this parasite. The second gorilla sample is more similar to the recently defined Plasmodium gaboni than to the P. falciparum-Plasmodium reichenowi clade, but distinct from both. Two chimpanzee samples are P. falciparum. A third sample is P. reichenowi and two others are P. gaboni. The other chimpanzee samples are different from those in the ape clade: two are Plasmodium ovale, and one is Plasmodium malariae. That is, we have found three human Plasmodium parasites in chimpanzees. Four chimpanzee samples were mixed: one species was P. reichenowi; the other species was P. gaboni in three samples and P. ovale in the fourth sample. The lemur sample, provisionally named Plasmodium malagasi, is a sister lineage to the large cluster of primate parasites that does not include P. falciparum or ape parasites, suggesting that the falciparum + ape parasite cluster (Laverania clade) may have evolved from a parasite present in hosts not ancestral to the primates. If malignant malaria were eradicated from human populations, chimpanzees, in addition to gorillas, might serve as a reservoir for P. falciparum.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.