Trial reportAIDS (London, England)2010
Reducing mortality with cotrimoxazole preventive therapy at initiation of antiretroviral therapy in South Africa.
Trial report in AIDS (London, England), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Incidence density mortality rate among HIV-positive children on antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Marked sex differences in all-cause mortality on antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2016Pooled it
- Assessment of the impact of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis on key outcomes among HIV-infected adults in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2015Pooled it
- Sex differences in HIV outcomes in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era: a systematic review.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2014Pooled it
- Effect of cotrimoxazole on mortality in HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2012Pooled it
- Reducing HIV-Associated Post-Hospital Mortality Through Home-Based Care in South Africa: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Virological treatment failure and associated factors among adults on first-line antiretroviral therapy in West Hararghe, Ethiopia.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Implementation of the advanced HIV disease package of care using a public health approach: lessons from Nigeria.BMC public health · 2024Observational
- Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors Among Adult HIV Positive Patients on Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Public Hospitals of Kembata Tembaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Article
- Baseline CD4 and mortality trends in the South African human immunodeficiency virus programme: Analysis of routine data.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2019Article
- Dietary diversity and associated factors among HIV positive adults attending antiretroviral therapy clinics at Hiwot Fana and Dilchora Hospitals, eastern Ethiopia.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018Article
- Effect of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis on malaria occurrence in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2015Review
- Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy: an observational cohort study in China.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2015Article
- Timing, rates, and causes of death in a large South African tuberculosis programme.BMC infectious diseases · 2014Article
- Improved health among people living with HIV/AIDS who received packages of proven preventive health interventions, Amhara, Ethiopia.PloS one · 2014Article
- Mortality associated with delays between clinic entry and ART initiation in resource-limited settings: results of a transition-state model.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2013Article
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis and antibiotic nonsusceptibility in invasive pneumococcal disease.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2012Article
- Changing predictors of mortality over time from cART start: implications for care.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2011Article
- Epidemiology of tuberculosis and HIV: recent advances in understanding and responses.Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society · 2011Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the effectiveness of cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) among individuals with CD4 cell count above 200 cells/microl and varying WHO clinical stages in reducing mortality during combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).
designA cohort study.
methodsUsing proportional hazards modeling, we compared mortality during the first 12 months after cART initiation among patients receiving CPT with patients not receiving CPT. We adjusted for clinic level confounding throughout.
resultsWe included 14 097 patients starting cART between January 2003 and January 2008, 62% of whom were men, the median CD4 cell count was 132 cells/microl, and 1289 died (11%). The baseline median CD4 cell count was lower (118 vs. 153 cells/microl) among the 7508 patients who received CPT compared with the 6589 patients who did not. In adjusted multivariate modeling, stratifying for baseline CD4 cell count and WHO stage, CPT reduced mortality overall (hazard ratio 0.64, P < 0.001) and for all individuals with CD4 cell count below 200 cells/microl or WHO clinical stage 3 or 4 conditions but did not reduce mortality for patients with both CD4 cell count above 200 cells/microl and WHO clinical stage 1 or 2.
conclusionWe demonstrated a 36% reduction in mortality extending to patients associated with CPT when used with cART that extended to patients with CD4 cell count above 350 cells/microl in a setting with minimal malaria and high rates of cotrimoxazole-resistant bacteria. This provides important additional data toward efforts to increase CPT provision among all cART initiators in resource limited settings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.