ArticleJournal of interpersonal violence2011
Witnessing versus experiencing direct violence in childhood as correlates of adulthood PTSD.
Article in Journal of interpersonal violence, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- "Family shame should not be made public": witnessing parental intimate partner violence and depressive symptom among Chinese college students -- the mediating role of brooding and the moderating role of resilience.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Over Three Decades of Mental Health in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Analysis of GBD Data From 1990 to 2023.Global health, epidemiology and genomics · 2026Article
- Trauma Exposure and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Among Youth in a High-Risk Family Study: Associations with Maternal and Paternal Alcohol Use Disorder.Journal of family trauma, child custody & child development · 2020Article
- Correlates of Perinatal Post-Traumatic Stress among Culturally Diverse Women with Depressive Symptomatology.Issues in mental health nursing · 2018Article
- Maladaptive coping mediates the influence of childhood trauma on depression and PTSD among pregnant women in South Africa.Archives of women's mental health · 2015Article
- Childhood Exposure to Family Violence and Adult Trauma Symptoms: The Importance of Social Support from a Spouse.Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy · 2014Article
- Caregiver Substance Abuse and Children's Exposure to Violence in a Nationally Representative Child Welfare Sample.Journal of social work practice in the addictions · 2013Article
- A Quasi-experimental outcomes analysis of a psychoeducation intervention for pregnant women with abuse-related posttraumatic stress.Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNNObservational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Research has established that childhood violence exposure plays a considerable role in the development of deleterious outcomes in childhood and adulthood. However, important gaps remain in understanding the complex relationships between early violence exposure, adulthood trauma exposure, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study investigates whether two specific types of childhood violence exposure (witnessing domestic violence and experiencing child abuse) are uniquely associated with PTSD while controlling for additional trauma experience. In a community sample of pregnant women, this study finds that childhood abuse only and combined exposure to abuse and witnessing abuse correlated to current and lifetime PTSD diagnoses, but witnessing alone did not. In addition, adult nonviolence trauma histories account for more variance in PTSD than did any early violence exposure type.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.