Trial reportPsychopharmacology2010
Opioid antagonism enhances marijuana's effects in heavy marijuana smokers.
Trial report in Psychopharmacology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Potency-related effects of smoked cannabis on simulated driving performance: a randomized, controlled crossover trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Effects of randomization to buprenorphine or naltrexone for OUD on cannabis use outcomes: A secondary analysis of the X:BOT trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Trial
- Oral cannabidiol does not produce a signal for abuse liability in frequent marijuana smokers.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2017Trial
- Dronabinol and lofexidine for cannabis use disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Trial
- Naltrexone Maintenance Decreases Cannabis Self-Administration and Subjective Effects in Daily Cannabis Smokers.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2015Trial
- Marijuana's dose-dependent effects in daily marijuana smokers.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2013Trial
- Dronabinol for the treatment of cannabis dependence: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2011Trial
- Human behavioral pharmacology of cannabis: Insights on cannabis use disorder.Preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Investigating sex differences in the acute effects of smoked cannabis: a potency-ranging, controlled administration, human laboratory experiment.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Pharmacotherapy for Cannabis Use Disorder: Preclinical and Clinical Models.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Effects of Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and THC/CBD mixtures on fentanyl versus food choice in rhesus monkeys.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Cannabinoid Poisoning-Related Emergency Department Visits and Inpatient Hospitalizations in Kentucky, 2017 to 2019.Substance use & misuse · 2023Article
- Mu opioid receptor gene variant modulates subjective response to smoked cannabis.American journal of translational research · 2022Article
- Cannabis use and cannabis use disorder.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2021Review
- Preclinical Studies of Cannabinoid Reward, Treatments for Cannabis Use Disorder, and Addiction-Related Effects of Cannabinoid Exposure.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Review
- Psychosocial and pharmacological interventions for the treatment of cannabis use disorder.F1000Research · 2018Review
- Open-label pilot study of injectable naltrexone for cannabis dependence.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2018Article
- The Current State of Pharmacological Treatments for Cannabis Use Disorder and Withdrawal.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
RATIONALE AND
objectiveStudies in laboratory animals strongly suggest reciprocal modulation of the opioidergic and endocannabinoid systems, a relationship that has not been demonstrated in humans. This study sought to clarify this interaction by assessing how a range of naltrexone doses altered the subjective, cognitive, and cardiovascular effects of marijuana. MATERIAL AND
methodsDaily marijuana smokers (n = 29) participated in this within-subject, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Naltrexone (0, 12, 25, 50, or 100 mg) was administered before active or inactive marijuana (3.27 or 0% THC) was smoked.
resultsActive marijuana increased subjective ratings of marijuana 'Strength,' 'High,' and positive subjective ratings of marijuana quality and drug effect including 'Liking,' 'Good,' and 'Take Again' compared to inactive marijuana. Naltrexone alone decreased ratings of 'Liking,' 'Take Again,' and 'Stimulated' compared with placebo, but increased ratings of drug 'Strength,' 'High,' 'Good,' 'Liking,' 'Stimulated,' and 'Take Again' when administered under active marijuana conditions. Active marijuana did not affect performance on cognitive tasks relative to inactive marijuana, whereas naltrexone decreased performance when administered alone or in combination with active marijuana. Active marijuana increased heart rate compared to inactive marijuana under placebo naltrexone conditions. Although naltrexone alone decreased heart rate, it further increased marijuana's cardiovascular effect.
conclusionsIn heavy marijuana smokers opioid-receptor blockade enhanced the subjective and cardiovascular effects of marijuana, suggesting that endogenous opioids dampen cannabinoid effects in this population. These findings demonstrate that a broad range of clinically used doses of naltrexone potentially increases the abuse liability and cardiovascular risks of cannabinoids.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.