ReviewMediators of inflammation2010
Classification, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic applications of inhibitory oligonucleotides for Toll-like receptors (TLR) 7 and 9.
Review in Mediators of inflammation, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- A developmentally informed narrative review of Toll-like receptors in adult and pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome.Annals of translational medicine · 2026Review
- New insights into the role of IFN-α/β and TLR7/8/9 in cancer immunotherapy and systemic autoimmunity.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- Targeting TLR Signaling Cascades in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Update.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Cathepsin B-activatable cyclic antisense oligonucleotides for cell-specific target gene knockdownMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2023Article
- DNA Nanoflowers' Amelioration of Lupus Symptoms in Mice via Blockade of TLR7/9's Signal.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Helicobacter pylori Infection Elicits Type I Interferon Response in Human Monocytes via Toll-Like Receptor 8 Signaling.Journal of immunology research · 2022Article
- A microsatellite DNA-derived oligodeoxynucleotide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by inhibiting the HMGB1-TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- The role of extracellular DNA in COVID-19: Clues from inflamm-aging.Ageing research reviews · 2021Review
- Extracellular Nucleic Acids Present in theFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Endosomal toll-like receptors play a key role in activation of primary human monocytes by cowpea mosaic virus.Immunology · 2020Article
- Toll-like receptor 5-mediated IL-17C expression in intestinal epithelial cells enhances epithelial host defense against F4Veterinary research · 2019Article
- Dual Toll-Like Receptor Targeting Liposomal Spherical Nucleic Acids.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2019Article
- Targeting Suppressive Oligonucleotide to Lymph Nodes Inhibits Toll-like Receptor-9-Mediated Activation of Adaptive Immunity.Pharmaceutical research · 2018Article
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulate Immunity via Interferon Beta and Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase.PloS one · 2016Article
- Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) constitutes a nucleoprotein component of extracellular inflammatory exosomes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
- Novel Types of Small RNA Exhibit Sequence- and Target-dependent Angiogenesis Suppression Without Activation of Toll-like Receptor 3 in an Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Mouse Model.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2015Article
- Article
- Guanine-modified inhibitory oligonucleotides efficiently impair TLR7- and TLR9-mediated immune responses of human immune cells.PloS one · 2015Article
- TLR7 induces anergy in human CD4(+) T cells.Nature immunology · 2015Article
- Targeting apoptosis in autoimmune hepatitis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Our immune defense depends on two specialized armed forces. The innate force acts as an alarm mechanism that senses changes in the microenvironment through the recognition of common microbial patterns by Toll-like receptors (TLR) and NOD proteins. It rapidly generates an inflammatory response aimed at neutralizing the intruder at the mucosal checkpoint. The innate arm also communicates this message with more specialized adaptive forces represented by pathogen-specific B cells and T cells. Interestingly, B cells also express some innate sensors, like TLR7 and TLR9, and may respond to bacterial hypomethylated CpG motifs and single-stranded RNA viruses. Intracellular nucleic acid sensing TLRs play an important role in the pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). In this review, we describe recent achievements in the development of oligonucleotide-(ODN)-based inhibitors of TLR9 and/or TLR7 signaling. We categorize these novel therapeutics into Classes G, R, and B based on their cellular and molecular targets. Several short ODNs have already shown promise as pathway-specific therapeutics for animal lupus. We envision their future use in human SLE, microbial DNA-dependent sepsis, and in other autoinflammatory diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.