Trial reportThe Journal of urology2010
Circumcision and reduced risk of self-reported penile coital injuries: results from a randomized controlled trial in Kisumu, Kenya.
Trial report in The Journal of urology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Critical evaluation of arguments opposing male circumcision: A systematic review.Journal of evidence-based medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Medical male circumcision and herpes simplex virus 2 acquisition: posttrial surveillance in Kisumu, Kenya.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2013Trial
- Trial
- Circumcision status and incident herpes simplex virus type 2 infection, genital ulcer disease, and HIV infection.AIDS (London, England) · 2012Trial
- Microbial diversity of genital ulcer disease in men enrolled in a randomized trial of male circumcision in Kisumu, Kenya.PloS one · 2012Trial
- Does the evidence support circumcision of infant males in the United Kingdom?-a systematic review.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Review
- Herpes simplex virus spreads rapidly in human foreskin, partly driven by chemokine-induced redistribution of Nectin-1 on keratinocytes.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Infant Circumcision for Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk Reduction Globally.Global health, science and practice · 2022Article
- Evidence-based circumcision policy for Australia.Journal of men's health · 2022Article
- The Contrasting Evidence Concerning the Effect of Male Circumcision on Sexual Function, Sensation, and Pleasure: A Systematic Review.Sexual medicine · 2020Review
- Sexual Quality of Life and Association With HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among a Cohort of Heterosexual Couples in Kenya.The journal of sexual medicine · 2018Article
- Canadian Urological Association guideline on the care of the normal foreskin and neonatal circumcision in Canadian infants (full version).Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2018Article
- Canadian Urological Association guideline on the care of the normal foreskin and neonatal circumcision in Canadian infants (abridged version).Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2018Article
- Early infant male circumcision: Systematic review, risk-benefit analysis, and progress in policy.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2017Article
- Article
- Copulatory wounding and traumatic insemination.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2015Review
- Male Circumcision and HIV Transmission; What Do We Know?The open AIDS journal · 2014Article
- Changes in plasma viral load and penile viral shedding after circumcision among HIV-positive men in Kisumu, Kenya.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2013Article
- Male circumcision: towards a World Health Organisation normative practice in resource limited settings.Asian journal of andrology · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeInjuries to the penis during intercourse represent a hypothesized mechanism by which uncircumcised men are at increased risk for HIV. There are no published, systematically collected data regarding mild penile coital trauma to our knowledge. We identified risks of self-reported penile coital injuries in men 18 to 24 years old in a randomized trial of circumcision to prevent HIV in Kisumu, Kenya. MATERIALS AND
methodsEach participant underwent standardized interview, medical history and physical examination at baseline, and 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after enrollment. Self-reported penile coital injuries were assessed at each visit, and were defined as penis feels sore during sex, penis gets scratches, cuts or abrasions during sex, and skin of the penis bleeds after sex. Generalized estimating equation analysis estimated odds ratios for penile coital injuries.
resultsFrom February 2002 to September 2005, 2,784 participants were randomized. At baseline 1,775 (64.4%) men reported any coital injury including 1,313 (47.6%) soreness, 1,328 (48.2%) scratches, abrasions or cuts and 461 (16.7%) bleeding. On multivariable analysis coital injury risk was lower for circumcised than for uncircumcised men with soreness (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.64-0.80), scratches/abrasions/cuts (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.46-0.59), bleeding (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.51-0.75) and any coital injury (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.54-0.68). Other significant risks included increasing age, multiple recent sex partners, HSV-2 seropositivity and genital ulcers (p <0.05). Condom use, cleaning the penis soon after intercourse and being married/cohabiting were protective (p <0.05, each).
conclusionsSelf-reported penile coital injuries were common in these healthy young men. Circumcised men were at lower risk for coital injuries. Verifying penile coital injuries, the mechanism of acquisition and the association with HIV risk is needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.