Trial reportAIDS (London, England)2010
Long-term increase in CD4+ T-cell counts during combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection.
Trial report in AIDS (London, England), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Impact of Statin Treatment in HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Transmission Dynamics in Tuberculosis Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 32 Observational Studies.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Pooled it
- Risk Factors for Low CD4+ Count Recovery Despite Viral Suppression Among Participants Initiating Antiretroviral Treatment With CD4+ Counts > 500 Cells/mm3: Findings From the Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Therapy (START) Trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Factors associated with remaining on initial randomized efavirenz-containing regimens.AIDS (London, England) · 2013Trial
- Trial
- Efficacy of a clinical decision-support system in an HIV practice: a randomized trial.Annals of internal medicine · 2012Trial
- Valganciclovir reduces T cell activation in HIV-infected individuals with incomplete CD4+ T cell recovery on antiretroviral therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2011Trial
- Trial
- Transition to generic dolutegravir: immunologic, virologic, and metabolic outcomes in a resource-limited setting.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Data-driven Modeling of Long-term CD4 Cell Recovery Trajectories Under Modern Antiretroviral Therapy in People Living With HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Determinants of CD4 count recovery among severely immunosuppressed HIV patients initiated on antiretroviral therapy: a prospective cohort study in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Immune Response to Childhood Vaccination in Vertically Infected People Living with HIV: A Long-Term Evaluation.Vaccines · 2025Article
- CD24-Fc resolves inflammation and enhances anti-HIV CD8 T cells with polyfunctionality during HIV-1 infection under cART.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Article
- Unsuccessful Direct Acting Antiviral Hepatitis C Treatment Among People With HIV: Findings From an International Cohort.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- How to properly define immunological nonresponse to antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV? an integrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for immunological non-responder in HIV/AIDS combined with amphetamine abuse: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2024Article
- A comparative assessment of CD4 recovery in a cohort of patients on different HAART regimens in a Nigerian tertiary healthcare facility.African health sciences · 2024Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo inform guidelines concerning when to initiate combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), we investigated whether CD4(+) T-cell counts (CD4 cell counts) continue to increase over long periods of time on ART. Losses-to-follow-up and some patients discontinuing ART at higher CD4 cell counts hamper such evaluation, but novel statistical methods can help address these issues. We estimated the long-term CD4 cell count trajectory accounting for losses-to-follow-up and treatment discontinuations.
designThe study population included 898 US patients first initiating ART in a randomized trial (AIDS Clinical Trials Group 384); 575 were subsequently prospectively followed in an observational study (AIDS Clinical Trials Group Longitudinal Linked Randomized Trials).
methodsInverse probability of censoring weighting statistical methods were used to estimate the CD4 cell count trajectory accounting for losses-to-follow-up and ART discontinuations, overall and for pretreatment CD4 cell count categories (<or=200, 201-350, 351-500, and >500 cells/microl).
resultsMedian CD4 cell count increased from 270 cells/microl pre-ART to an estimated 556 cells/microl at 3 and 532 cells/microl at 7 years after starting ART in analyses ignoring treatment discontinuations, and to 570 and 640 cells/microl, respectively, had all patients continued ART. However, even had ART been continued, an estimated 25, 9, 3, and 2% of patients with pretreatment CD4 cell counts of 200 or less, 201-350, 351-500, and more than 500 cells/microl would have had CD4 cell counts of 350 cells/microl or less after 7 years.
conclusionIf patients remain on ART, CD4 cell counts increase in most patients for at least 7 years. However, the substantial percentage of patients starting therapy at low CD4 cell counts who still had low CD4 cell counts after 7 years provides support for ART initiation at higher CD4 cell counts.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.