ArticleGene therapy2010
Gene doping detection: evaluation of approach for direct detection of gene transfer using erythropoietin as a model system.
Article in Gene therapy, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Gene doping: current test methods and analytical challenges].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2026Review
- Improvement of EPO Transgene Detection From Polymeric Dried Blood Spots for Antidoping Application.Drug testing and analysis · 2026Article
- Codon changes challenge PCR-based gene doping detection.Gene therapy · 2025Article
- Multiplex detection of seven transgenes for human gene doping analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Administration and detection of a multi-target rAAV gene doping vector in horses using multiple matrices and molecular techniques.Gene therapy · 2024Article
- Article
- Analysis of Potential Gene Doping Preparations for Transgenic DNA in the Context of Sports Drug Testing Programs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Screening for gene doping transgenes in horses via the use of massively parallel sequencing.Gene therapy · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Digital PCR detection of plasmid DNA administered to the skeletal muscle of a microminipig: a model case study for gene doping detection.BMC research notes · 2018Article
- Synthetic certified DNA reference material for analysis of human erythropoietin transgene and transcript in gene doping and gene therapy.Gene therapy · 2016Article
- Establishment of two quantitative nested qPCR assays targeting the human EPO transgene.Gene therapy · 2016Article
- Transgene detection by digital droplet PCR.PloS one · 2014Article
- From gene engineering to gene modulation and manipulation: can we prevent or detect gene doping in sports?Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2013Review
- A polymerase chain reaction-based methodology to detect gene doping.European journal of applied physiology · 2012Article
- Gene doping: Olympic genes for Olympic dreams.Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · 2011Article
- Longevity of rAAV vector and plasmid DNA in blood after intramuscular injection in nonhuman primates: implications for gene doping.Gene therapy · 2011Article
- Genetic doping and health damages.Iranian journal of public health · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As clinical gene therapy has progressed toward realizing its potential, concern over misuse of the technology to enhance performance in athletes is growing. Although 'gene doping' is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency, its detection remains a major challenge. In this study, we developed a methodology for direct detection of the transferred genetic material and evaluated its feasibility for gene doping detection in blood samples from athletes. Using erythropoietin (EPO) as a model gene and a simple in vitro system, we developed real-time PCR assays that target sequences within the transgene complementary DNA corresponding to exon/exon junctions. As these junctions are absent in the endogenous gene due to their interruption by introns, the approach allows detection of trace amounts of a transgene in a large background of the endogenous gene. Two developed assays and one commercial gene expression assay for EPO were validated. On the basis of ability of these assays to selectively amplify transgenic DNA and analysis of literature on testing of gene transfer in preclinical and clinical gene therapy, it is concluded that the developed approach would potentially be suitable to detect gene doping through gene transfer by analysis of small volumes of blood using regular out-of-competition testing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.