ArticleBlood2010
The PD-1/PD-L1 axis modulates the natural killer cell versus multiple myeloma effect: a therapeutic target for CT-011, a novel monoclonal anti-PD-1 antibody.
Article in Blood, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 493 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
493 citing papers in PubMed, 798 citations in OpenAlex.
- In-depth characterization of NK cell markers from CML patients who discontinued tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Trial
- Immunomodulation by durvalumab and pomalidomide in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Increased Frequency of Dysfunctional Siglec-7Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- NK cell immunotherapy after analytic treatment interruption is associated with HIV viral control.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- A tumor-on-a-chip model reveals and targets reciprocal macrophage-NK cell crosstalk to advance immunotherapy screening.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- Advances in immune microenvironment profiling during multiple myeloma progression and therapy.International journal of hematology · 2026Review
- Next-generation CAR-NK cell therapy: engineering strategies, translational challenges, and future perspectives in cancer immunotherapy.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Mitophagy-driven multidimensional regulation of tumor immune evasion and context-dependent therapeutic strategies.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Programmed cell death-1: from a T-cell immune checkpoint to a regulator of Natural Killer cell biology.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Review
- PD-1 Expression Promotes Immune Evasion in B-ALL.Hematology reports · 2025Article
- CAR-NK cell therapy in multiple myeloma: from preclinical and clinical landscape to joining the force for treatment strategies optimization.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Molecular and immunological determinants of long-term survival in multiple myeloma.Blood advances · 2025Review
- CAR NK cell therapy for solid tumors: potential and challenges.Antibody therapeutics · 2025Review
- Review
- Immunosenescence: Shaping the Hematological Narrative in the Era of Aging.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- PD-1Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- IRF4 expression by NK precursors predetermines exhaustion of NK cells during tumor metastasis.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Natural killer cell-based immunotherapy for cancer.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Review
- Rendering NK Cells Antigen-Specific for the Therapy of Solid Tumours.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
433 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
T-cell expression of programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) down-regulates the immune response against malignancy by interacting with cognate ligands (eg, PD-L1) on tumor cells; however, little is known regarding PD-1 and natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells exert cytotoxicity against multiple myeloma (MM), an effect enhanced through novel therapies. We show that NK cells from MM patients express PD-1 whereas normal NK cells do not and confirm PD-L1 on primary MM cells. Engagement of PD-1 with PD-L1 should down-modulate the NK-cell versus MM effect. We demonstrate that CT-011, a novel anti-PD-1 antibody, enhances human NK-cell function against autologous, primary MM cells, seemingly through effects on NK-cell trafficking, immune complex formation with MM cells, and cytotoxicity specifically toward PD-L1(+) MM tumor cells but not normal cells. We show that lenalidomide down-regulates PD-L1 on primary MM cells and may augment CT-011's enhancement of NK-cell function against MM. We demonstrate a role for the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling axis in the NK-cell immune response against MM and a role for CT-011 in enhancing the NK-cell versus MM effect. A phase 2 clinical trial of CT-011 in combination with lenalidomide for patients with MM should be considered.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.