ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2010
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and depressive symptoms in older women and men.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 221 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D and depression in adults: A systematic review.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for depressive symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Psychosomatic medicine · 2014Pooled it
- Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the risk of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2013Pooled it
- Prevention of depression through nutritional strategies in high-risk persons: rationale and design of the MooDFOOD prevention trial.BMC psychiatry · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Vitamin D supplementation to prevent depression and poor physical function in older adults: Study protocol of the D-Vitaal study, a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.BMC geriatrics · 2015Trial
- Vitamin D supplementation and depression in the women's health initiative calcium and vitamin D trial.American journal of epidemiology · 2012Trial
- Treatment with hormone therapy and calcitriol did not affect depression in older postmenopausal women: no interaction with estrogen and vitamin D receptor genotype polymorphisms.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2012Trial
- Effects of vitamin D supplementation on cognitive and emotional functioning in young adults--a randomised controlled trial.PloS one · 2011Trial
- Association Between Low Vitamin D Levels and Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus · 2026Review
- Association between vitamin D deficiency and depressive symptoms among shift workers: Insights from network pharmacology and bioinformatics studies.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Nutritional interventions for late-life depression: evidence, mechanisms, and clinical assessment tools.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Association between vitamin D levels and depression among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in the Southern Region of Malaysia.The Pan African medical journal · 2026Article
- Serum Levels of Blood Minerals (Fe, Mg) and Vitamins (D, B12) in Suicide Attempters.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Article
- The Role of Vitamin D in the Management of Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Exploring the role of vitamin D in cognitive function: mediation by depression with diabetes modulation in older U.S. adults, a NHANES weighted analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- The Associations of Vitamin D with Ovarian Reserve Markers and Depression: A Narrative Literature Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Effect of Vitamin D3 on Depressive Behaviors of Rats Exposed to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Association Between Sunlight Exposure and Mental Health: Evidence from a Special Population Without Sunlight in Work.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2023Article
- Vitamin D status and its correlation to depression.Annals of general psychiatry · 2022Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
contextHypovitaminosis D and depressive symptoms are common conditions in older adults.
objectiveWe examined the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and depressive symptoms over a 6-yr follow-up in a sample of older adults. DESIGN AND
settingThis research is part of a population-based cohort study (InCHIANTI Study) in Tuscany, Italy.
participantsA total of 531 women and 423 men aged 65 yr and older participated.
main outcome measureSerum 25(OH)D was measured at baseline. Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline and at 3- and 6-yr follow-ups using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Depressed mood was defined as CES-D of 16 or higher. Analyses were stratified by sex and adjusted for relevant biomarkers and variables related to sociodemographics, somatic health, and functional status.
resultsWomen with 25(OH)D less than 50 nmol/liter compared with those with higher levels experienced increases in CES-D scores of 2.1 (P = 0.02) and 2.2 (P = 0.04) points higher at, respectively, 3- and 6-yr follow-up. Women with low vitamin D (Vit-D) had also significantly higher risk of developing depressive mood over the follow-up (hazard ratio = 2.0; 95% confidence interval = 1.2-3.2; P = 0.005). In parallel models, men with 25(OH)D less than 50 nmol/liter compared with those with higher levels experienced increases in CES-D scores of 1.9 (P = 0.01) and 1.1 (P = 0.20) points higher at 3- and 6-yr follow-up. Men with low Vit- D tended to have higher risk of developing depressed mood (hazard ratio = 1.6; 95% confidence interval = 0.9-2.8; P = 0.1).
conclusionOur findings suggest that hypovitaminosis D is a risk factor for the development of depressive symptoms in older persons. The strength of the prospective association is higher in women than in men. Understanding the potential causal pathway between Vit- D deficiency and depression requires further research.
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Registered trials
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