ArticleIEEE reviews in biomedical engineering2009
Clinical Applications of Brain-Computer Interfaces: Current State and Future Prospects.
Article in IEEE reviews in biomedical engineering, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 496 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy of brain-computer interface-coupled robotic rehabilitation, robot-assisted therapy, and motor imagery for upper-limb motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- A Therapeutic Approach Using the Combined Application of Virtual Reality with Robotics for the Treatment of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy of Brain-Computer Interface and the Impact of Its Design Characteristics on Poststroke Upper-limb Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Clinical EEG and neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review of hybrid brain-computer interfaces: Taxonomy and usability perspectives.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Steady state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) based brain-computer interface (BCI) performance under different perturbations.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Noninvasive decoding of typed sentences from human brain activity.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Deep Learning for Ear-EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interface: A Systematic Comparison and Design Insights.Biosensors · 2026Article
- Consent in flux: when brain‑computer interface embodiment undermines informed consent.BMC medical ethics · 2026Article
- Brain-Computer Interfaces: The Dawn of a New Era in Disease Treatment.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2026Review
- Comparison of Point-and-Click Performance Between the Brainfingers BCI and the Mouse.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- From technological closed-loop to human-machine trust: a systematic review of ethical and communication challenges of brain-computer interface in elderly care.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Neurodetector: EEG-Based Cognitive Assessment Using Event-Related Potentials as a Virtual Switch.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Optimization of Dynamic SSVEP Paradigms for Practical Application: Low-Fatigue Design with Coordinated Trajectory and Speed Modulation and Gaming Validation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- P300 ERP System Utilizing Wireless Visual Stimulus Presentation Devices.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Exploring the Impact of Brain-Computer Interfaces on Health Care: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Prospects: A Review Article.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2024Review
- Optimizing Real-Time MI-BCI Performance in Post-Stroke Patients: Impact of Time Window Duration on Classification Accuracy and Responsiveness.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Decoding the Debate: A Comparative Study of Brain-Computer Interface and Neurofeedback.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2024Review
- Optimization of stimulus properties for SSVEP-based BMI system with a heads-up display to control in-vehicle features.PloS one · 2024Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) allow their users to communicate or control external devices using brain signals rather than the brain's normal output pathways of peripheral nerves and muscles. Motivated by the hope of restoring independence to severely disabled individuals and by interest in further extending human control of external systems, researchers from many fields are engaged in this challenging new work. BCI research and development have grown explosively over the past two decades. Efforts have recently begun to provide laboratory-validated BCI systems to severely disabled individuals for real-world applications. In this review, we discuss the current status and future prospects of BCI technology and its clinical applications. We will define BCI, review the BCI-relevant signals from the human brain, and describe the functional components of BCIs. We will also review current clinical applications of BCI technology, and identify potential users and potential applications. Finally, we will discuss current limitations of BCI technology, impediments to its widespread clinical use, and expectations for the future.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.