Evidence map›Paper›PMID 20440277›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Nephrology2010

The RAAS in the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy.

Piero Ruggenenti, Paolo Cravedi, Giuseppe Remuzzi

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 137 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
137citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
14.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

137 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 309 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Benefits of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors with Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers in Type-2 Diabetes: A Cohort Analysis.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025
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77 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Piero RuggenentiMario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, 24125 Bergamo, Italy.
Paolo Cravedi
Giuseppe Remuzzi
Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Angiotensin II and other components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) have a central role in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic renal disease. A study in patients with type 1 diabetes and overt nephropathy found that RAAS inhibition with angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors was associated with a reduced risk of progression to end-stage renal disease and mortality compared with non-RAAS-inhibiting drugs. Blood-pressure control was similar between groups and proteinuria reduction was responsible for a large part of the renoprotective and cardioprotective effect. ACE inhibitors can also prevent microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes who are hypertensive and normoalbuminuric; in addition, ACE inhibitors are cardioprotective even in the early stages of diabetic renal disease. Angiotensin-II-receptor blockers (ARBs) are renoprotective (but not cardioprotective) in patients with type 2 diabetes and overt nephropathy or microalbuminuria. Studies have evaluated the renoprotective effect of other RAAS inhibitors, such as aldosterone antagonists and renin inhibitors, administered either alone or in combination with ACE inhibitors or ARBs. An important task for the future will be identifying which combination of agents achieves the best renoprotection (and cardioprotection) at the lowest cost. Such findings will have major implications, particularly in settings where money and facilities are limited and in settings where renal replacement therapy is not available and the prevention of kidney failure is life saving.

Indexed as

AlbuminuriaAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersAntihypertensive AgentsCardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes MellitusDiabetic NephropathiesDisease ProgressionEnalaprilHumansHypertensionMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsNisoldipinePredictive Value of TestsRenin-Angiotensin SystemAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersAntihypertensive AgentsEnalaprilMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsNisoldipine

Identifiers

PMID20440277
OpenAlexW2010320457

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.