ReviewDeutsches Arzteblatt international2010
Analgesia and sedation for painful interventions in children and adolescents.
Review in Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- IV paracetamol effect on propofol-ketamine consumption in paediatric patients undergoing ESWL.Journal of anesthesia · 2012Trial
- EEG alpha/delta ratio at different propofol-induced sedation levels in children during procedural sedation.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Observational
- Propofol-induced frontal aEEG changes in children during deep procedural sedation.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Intravenous Sedation and Analgesia in a Pediatric Emergency Department: A Retrospective Descriptive Study.Cureus · 2024Article
- Correlation of Comfort Score and Narcotrend Index during Procedural Sedation with Midazolam and Propofol in Children.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Ketamine Clinical Use on the Pediatric Critically Ill Infant: A Global Bibliometric and Critical Review of Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Article
- Analgosedation for diagnostic and interventional procedures: a countrywide survey of pediatric centers in Germany.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2020Article
- Effect of combined propofol-sevoflurane anesthesia on immune function in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Oncology letters · 2019Article
- Article
- Sedation and analgosedation performed by pediatricians--experience made with the implementation of an in-house sedation standard: Sedation and analgosedation-implemantation of an in-house standard.Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2016Article
- All about ketamine premedication for children undergoing ophtalmic surgery.International journal of clinical and experimental medicine · 2015Article
- Sedation for intra-articular corticosteroid injections in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: the views of patients and their parents.European journal of pediatrics · 2013Article
- The management of procedural pain at the Italian Centers of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology: state-of-the-art and future directions.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2012Article
- Procedural pain in children: education and management. The approach of an Italian pediatric pain center.European journal of pediatrics · 2012Article
- Deep sedation during pneumatic reduction of intussusception.Pediatric radiology · 2012Article
- [Local anesthetic procedures in dermatology. Part 2: Practical aspects].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2012Article
- Sedation under JCI standard.Korean journal of anesthesiology · 2011Article
- Not coordinated.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2010Article
- A clear position would be desirable.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byDental trauma.2010
- Commented on byNo advantage.2010
- Commented on by
- Commented on byNot coordinated.2010
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPainful procedures on children and adolescents often have to be performed with the aid of analgesia and sedation in order to prevent pain and emotional distress. Moreover, many procedures can be performed more rapidly and more effectively in a relaxed patient. Because the combination of analgesia and sedation can cause serious or even life-threatening complications, it must be accompanied by the same safety precautions as a general anesthetic.
methodsSelective review of the literature.
resultsA high level of safety can be achieved by adherence to the published guidelines of the societies for anesthesiology and pediatrics. The depth of sedation during procedures performed under combined analgesia and sedation is often equivalent to that resulting from general anesthesia. Therefore, in order to avoid serious complications, combined analgesia and sedation should only be administered by physicians trained in pediatric anesthesia or pediatric critical care. This is particularly so when propofol is used, because it has a narrow therapeutic range and can cause cardiorespiratory respiratory problems without warning. As long as the appropriate safety precautions are followed, non-anesthesiologists can also administer propofol in combination with an analgesic, such as ketamine, to children and adolescents.
conclusionIn children and adolescents, the combination of analgesia and sedation can prevent the emotional trauma that would result from a painful procedure, while often enhancing the quality of the procedure itself. This method should be considered a variant of general anesthesia. Accordingly, any non-anesthesiologist employing this method must be as well versed as an anesthesiologist in the management of its specific side effects and complications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.