Trial reportBMC musculoskeletal disorders2010
The visual analogue WOMAC 3.0 scale--internal validity and responsiveness of the VAS version.
Trial report in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- OBEDIS Core Variables Project: European Expert Guidelines on a Minimal Core Set of Variables to Include in Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trials of Obesity Interventions.Obesity facts · 2020Guideline
- Efficacy and safety of paracetamol for spinal pain and osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo controlled trials.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2015Pooled it
- Modern psychometrics applied in rheumatology--a systematic review.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2012Pooled it
- Associations between folate intake and knee pain, inflammation mediators and comorbid conditions in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Trial
- Trial
- The additive effects of exercise and essential amino acid on muscle mass and strength in community-dwelling older Japanese women with muscle mass decline, but not weakness and slowness: a randomized controlled and placebo trial.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2021Trial
- A protocol for a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to compare the effect of annual infusions of zoledronic acid to placebo on knee structural change and knee pain over 24 months in knee osteoarthritis patients - ZAP2.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2018Trial
- One-year follow-up of mud-bath therapy in patients with bilateral knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, single-blind controlled trial.International journal of biometeorology · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Understanding Hip Pain Through Social Media: An Initial Overview of an International Web-Based Survey.Arthroplasty today · 2025Article
- Identifying significant structural factors associated with knee pain severity in patients with osteoarthritis using machine learning.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Effect of Shi-Style Steaming and Bathing Decoction in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: Study Protocol for a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.Journal of pain research · 2024Article
- Article
- Effect of Tai Chi on knee pain and muscle strength in middle-aged and older adults with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial protocol.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Article
- Article
- The Evaluation of Postural Stability and Fall Risk in Patients with Primary Hip Osteoarthritis.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2022Article
- Comparison of Patient-Reported Functional Recovery From Different Types of Ophthalmic Surgery.American journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Treatment Efficacy with a Novel Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogel for Osteoarthritis of the Knee.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Development of a technique for MRI gold-standard direct volumetric measurement of complex joint effusion, and validation at the hip.Skeletal radiology · 2021Article
- Feasibility and efficacy of knee extension training using a single-joint hybrid assistive limb, versus conventional rehabilitation during the early postoperative period after total knee arthroplasty.Journal of rural medicine : JRM · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany people suffer with Osteoarthritis (OA) and subsequent morbidity. Therefore, measuring outcome associated with OA is important. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) has been a widely used patient reported outcome in OA. However, there is relatively little evidence to support the use of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) version of the scale. We aimed to explore the internal validity and responsiveness of this VAS version of the WOMAC.
methodsPatients with chronic hip or knee pain of mechanical origin, waiting for a hip or knee joint replacement completed the WOMAC as part of a study to investigate the effects of acupuncture and placebo controls. Validity was tested using factor analysis and Rasch analysis, and responsiveness using standardised response means.
resultsTwo hundred and twenty one patients (mean age 66.8, SD 8.29, 58% female) were recruited. Factor and Rasch analysis confirmed unidimensional Pain and Physical Functioning scales, capable of transformation to interval scaling and invariant over time. Some Differential Item Functioning (DIF) was observed, but this cancelled out at the test level. The Stiffness scale fitted the Rasch model but adjustments for DIF could not be made due to the shortness of the scale. Using the interval transformed data, Standardised Response Means were smaller than when using the raw, ordinal data.
conclusionsThe WOMAC Pain and Physical Functioning subscales satisfied unidimensionality and ordinal scaling tests, and the ability to transform to an interval scale. Some Differential Item Functioning was observed, but this cancelled out at the test level and, by doing so, at the same time removed the disturbance of unidimensionality. The scaling characteristics of sets of items which use VAS require further analysis, as it would appear that they can lead to spurious levels of responsiveness and scale compression because they exaggerate the distortion of the ordinal scale. TRIAL NUMBER: UKCRN study ID: 4881 ISRCTN78434638.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.